Table 2 Lean-digital pathways for PC at...

Table 2

Lean-digital pathways for PC at primary stage

Path	$L_{1}$	$L_{2}$	$L_{3}$
Standardized management (⁠ ${PR}_{1}$ ⁠)	●	●	●
Mechanization and automation (⁠ ${PR}_{2}$ ⁠)	ⓧ		●
Simulation of the whole process (⁠ ${PR}_{3}$ ⁠)	●	●	●
Total production maintenance (⁠ ${PR}_{4}$ ⁠)	ⓧ	ⓧ	●
Plan control $({PR}_{5})$		●	ⓧ
Establishment of digital information systems (⁠ ${PR}_{6})$	●	●	●
Consistency	0.850	0.849	0.886
Raw coverage	0.406	0.368	0.187
Unique coverage	0.048	0.013	0.039
Solution coverage	0.469
Solution consistency	0.854

Path	$L_{1}$	$L_{2}$	$L_{3}$
Standardized management ( ${PR}_{1}$ )	●	●	●
Mechanization and automation ( ${PR}_{2}$ )	ⓧ		●
Simulation of the whole process ( ${PR}_{3}$ )	●	●	●
Total production maintenance ( ${PR}_{4}$ )	ⓧ	ⓧ	●
Plan control $({PR}_{5})$		●	ⓧ
Establishment of digital information systems ( ${PR}_{6})$	●	●	●
Consistency	0.850	0.849	0.886
Raw coverage	0.406	0.368	0.187
Unique coverage	0.048	0.013	0.039
Solution coverage	0.469
Solution consistency	0.854

Note(s): “●” indicates that the variable exists and is the core variable, “●” indicates that the variable exists and is the auxiliary variable, “ⓧ” indicates that the core variable does not exist, “ⓧ” indicates that the auxiliary variable does not exist. The blank spaces indicate neutrality (i.e. no pattern of presence or absence was identified)

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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