Table 2

Detailed descriptions of each intention classification in HIPM

No.Intention classificationSpecific description
1Currently operating, please waitThe human worker needs uninterrupted focus for a precise task. The robot should monitor from a distance, avoiding interference, until the operation is complete or assistance is requested
2Need parts/tools, please hand over to meThe human worker requires specific tools or parts immediately to continue their work without leaving the work site. The robot should promptly deliver these items directly to the worker’s location/hand
3Hold parts/tools for meDuring complex tasks, the human worker may need to free up their hands. The robot should act as an additional support by holding or storing tools and materials temporarily, keeping them organized and readily accessible
4Assistance needed, please help supportThe human worker requires additional physical support for tasks that are risky or require multi-hand coordination. The robot should provide the necessary support by stabilizing equipment or assisting in holding materials securely
5Need to move to the next maintenance point, please followThe human worker is moving to another maintenance area and requires the robot to carry tools and equipment to the next point or lead the way. The robot should ensure all necessary materials are transported efficiently and safely following the worker
6No personnel present, please search for personnelNo human worker in the view of robot, the robot should initiate a search protocol to find the worker, ensuring that all personnel are safe and follow human workers closely
Source(s): Authors’ own work

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