Configurational findings compared to UTAUT net-effects predictions
| Construct | UTAUT finding | Our finding | Theoretical implication |
|---|---|---|---|
| Performance expectancy (EXPe) | Significant positive effect β ≈ 0.30–0.45 (strongest predictor) | NECESSARY condition, Consistency = 0.94, Always present | In professional services, usefulness is indispensable, not just influential |
| Hedonic motivation (HED) | Significant for consumer contexts; often non-significant in professional contexts | NECESSARY condition, Consistency = 0.92, Always present | Professional service adoption requires intrinsic satisfaction; identity-relevant |
| Price value (PRICE) | Significant for consumer contexts; often excluded from professional studies | NECESSARY condition, Consistency = 0.91, Always present | Self-employed professionals make direct cost-benefit calculations |
| Social influence (SOCI) | Moderate positive effect β ≈ 0.15–0.25; often weaker | NECESSARY condition, Consistency = 0.90, Always present | Professional peer validation essential, not just helpful |
| Effort expectancy (EFF) | Significant positive effect β ≈ 0.20–0.35 (second-strongest) | Part of SUFFICIENT configuration, Consistency = 0.78 (not necessary) | Ease matters but isn't always essential when motivation strong |
| Facilitating conditions (FAC) | Significant in some studies; effects vary | Part of SUFFICIENT configuration, Consistency = 0.81 (not necessary) | Infrastructure support enables but doesn't guarantee adoption |
| Anxiety (ANX) | Often excluded or non-significant | Part of SUFFICIENT configuration (ABSENCE), ∼ANX consistency = 0.85 (not necessary) | Emotional safety matters; low anxiety required, not high confidence |
| Overall pattern | Additive linear effects: More of each → higher adoption (compensatory logic) | Two-tier hierarchical: ALL four necessary + sufficient configuration → adoption (conjunctural logic) | Professional service innovation requires simultaneous multi-dimensional alignment (non-compensatory) |
| Construct | UTAUT finding | Our finding | Theoretical implication |
|---|---|---|---|
| Performance expectancy (EXPe) | Significant positive effect β ≈ 0.30–0.45 (strongest predictor) | NECESSARY condition, Consistency = 0.94, Always present | In professional services, usefulness is indispensable, not just influential |
| Hedonic motivation (HED) | Significant for consumer contexts; often non-significant in professional contexts | NECESSARY condition, Consistency = 0.92, Always present | Professional service adoption requires intrinsic satisfaction; identity-relevant |
| Price value (PRICE) | Significant for consumer contexts; often excluded from professional studies | NECESSARY condition, Consistency = 0.91, Always present | Self-employed professionals make direct cost-benefit calculations |
| Social influence (SOCI) | Moderate positive effect β ≈ 0.15–0.25; often weaker | NECESSARY condition, Consistency = 0.90, Always present | Professional peer validation essential, not just helpful |
| Effort expectancy (EFF) | Significant positive effect β ≈ 0.20–0.35 (second-strongest) | Part of SUFFICIENT configuration, Consistency = 0.78 (not necessary) | Ease matters but isn't always essential when motivation strong |
| Facilitating conditions (FAC) | Significant in some studies; effects vary | Part of SUFFICIENT configuration, Consistency = 0.81 (not necessary) | Infrastructure support enables but doesn't guarantee adoption |
| Anxiety (ANX) | Often excluded or non-significant | Part of SUFFICIENT configuration (ABSENCE), ∼ANX consistency = 0.85 (not necessary) | Emotional safety matters; low anxiety required, not high confidence |
| Overall pattern | Additive linear effects: More of each → higher adoption (compensatory logic) | Two-tier hierarchical: ALL four necessary + sufficient configuration → adoption (conjunctural logic) | Professional service innovation requires simultaneous multi-dimensional alignment (non-compensatory) |
Note(s): UTAUT findings summarized from Venkatesh et al. (2003, 2012) and healthcare applications. Our configurational analysis reveals which UTAUT constructs are necessary (indispensable) vs sufficient (enabling when combined with necessary conditions)
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