Table 2

Results for decomposition of effect for the relationships among physical exercise, grit, well-being, and firm performance

GritEntrepreneur's well-beingFirm performance
Standardised coefficientLower and upper bound of confidence interval; significance level (2-tailed)Standardised coefficientLower and upper bound of confidence interval; significance level (2-tailed)Standardised coefficientLower and upper bound of confidence interval; significance level (2-tailed)
Moderate-to-vigorous physical exercise
Direct effect0.1680.004–0.323; 0.0440.1710.034–0.303; 0.015//
Indirect effect//0.0410.005–0.098; 0.0270.0410.007–0.093; 0.017
Total effect0.1680.004–0.323; 0.0440.2120.063–0.163; 0.0050.0410.007–0.093; 0.017
Light physical exercise
Direct effect−0.044−0.184–0.113; 0.5990.038−0.092–0.167; 0.569//
Indirect effect//−0.011−0.050–0.026; 0.5260.005−0.020–0.037; 0.566
Total effect−0.044−0.184–0.113; 0.5990.027−0.110–0.163; 0.7050.005−0.020–0.037; 0.566
Grit
Direct effect//0.2450.116–0.359; 0.000//
Indirect effect////0.0470.010–0.096; 0.014
Total effect//0.2450.116–0.359; 0.0000.0470.010–0.096; 0.014
Well-being
Direct effect////0.1910.028–0.319; 0.026
Indirect effect//////
Total effect////0.1910.028–0.319; 0.026

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