| Barriers |
| Barriers to the implementation of Q4.0 (BRI) | Sony et al. (2020), Antony et al. (2023b) |
| Social dimension |
| Top Management commitment and support (TM) | Zulfiqar et al. (2023) |
| Leadership (LD) | Zulfiqar et al. (2023) |
| Employees competency (EC) | Zulfiqar et al. (2023) |
| Strategic dimension |
| Vision and strategy for Q4.0 (QS) | Antony et al. (2023b) |
| Customers readiness (CR) | Sureshchandar (2023) |
| Suppliers readiness (SR) | Antony et al. (2023b) |
| Cultural dimension |
| Digital culture (DC) | Leal-Rodríguez et al. (2023) |
| Technological dimension |
| Data-based decision making (DM) | Sureshchandar (2023) |
| Analytical thought (AA) | Sureshchandar (2023) |
| New technologies (NNTT) | Sureshchandar (2023) |