Table 6.

Estimations of the linear and nonlinear corruption models (with untransformed independent variables)

Dependent variable: Transparency (TRANS)
Independent variablesLinear probability model (OLS)aProbit model (ML)Logit model (ML)
PREV0.0494(0.3621)0.1832(0.367)0.2882(0.3937)
AACOR0.0992***(0.0081)0.3531***(0.0071)0.6124***(0.0073)
TE0.0375(0.4452)0.1311(0.4889)0.2347(0.475)
Intercept0.0649(0.8142)−1.757*(0.0767)−3.0184*(0.0753)
R2/pseudo R0.04360.04320.0426
Note(s):

***represents significance at the 1% level; **represents significance at 5% level; *represents significance at 10 % level; aEstimated using heteroscedasticity-robust standard errors and p-values are given in parentheses. #These variables are used in their original discrete values from 1 to 5. TRANS is the presence of transparency, PREV is the preventive measures, AACOR is the actions against corruption and TE is the training and ethics

Source(s): Authors’ own work

or Create an Account

Close subscription notice
Close access options