Table 4.

Distinction between general ethics tools and the 4W’s Ethical Framework

General ethics tools4W’s ethical framework
Universal principlesContextual to AI-in-education
Static evaluationRecursive – used at every stage (ideation → publishing)
Compliance-focusedReflective and heuristic – asks educators to pause and surface trade-offs
Binary (right/wrong) judgmentsAsks “what’s at stake? Who is affected? What is lost or gained?”
Source(s): Author’s own work

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