Table 1. Synthesis of key literature...

Table 1.

Synthesis of key literature informing the DPP–DMB implementation framework (DDIF)

Framework component	Key implementation requirements	Primary stakeholders	Indicative success metrics	Sources
Digital infrastructure	Integration of blockchain, BIM, DTs, cloud-based platforms, secure and interoperable data systems	IT providers, BIM and DT specialists, construction firms	System interoperability, real-time data integration, cybersecurity robustness	1–6
Material traceability	Standardised DPP templates, material passports, certified product data, DT-enabled synchronisation of material flows	Material suppliers, certifying bodies, contractors	Material traceability, data completeness, reuse certification validity	3, 7–11
Stakeholder coordination	Defined roles and workflows, collaboration platforms, digital onboarding and training, DT-enabled role visualisation	Designers, contractors, policymakers, facility managers	Clarity of responsibilities, stakeholder engagement levels, coordination efficiency	3, 6, 12–15
Circular strategy integration	Reuse and recycling protocols, end-of-life planning, DMB integration, DT-supported scenario modelling for circularity	Architects, contractors, demolition teams, CE consultants	Increase in reuse rates, reduction in lifecycle waste, improvement in value retention	8, 11, 16–19
Regulatory alignment	Compliance with environmental and construction codes, data protection, auditability via DTs and DPP logs	Policymakers, legal experts, industry bodies	Policy compliance rates, audit readiness, adaptability to regulation changes	1, 2, 6, 11, 20–22
Performance monitoring	IoT-connected assets, LCA tools, carbon and circularity indicators, DT dashboards	Facility managers, ESG analysts, sustainability researchers	Accuracy of performance forecasts, improvements in ESG reporting and decision support	1, 3–5, 18–19

Framework component	Key implementation requirements	Primary stakeholders	Indicative success metrics	Sources
Digital infrastructure	Integration of blockchain, BIM, DTs, cloud-based platforms, secure and interoperable data systems	IT providers, BIM and DT specialists, construction firms	System interoperability, real-time data integration, cybersecurity robustness	1–6
Material traceability	Standardised DPP templates, material passports, certified product data, DT-enabled synchronisation of material flows	Material suppliers, certifying bodies, contractors	Material traceability, data completeness, reuse certification validity	3, 7–11
Stakeholder coordination	Defined roles and workflows, collaboration platforms, digital onboarding and training, DT-enabled role visualisation	Designers, contractors, policymakers, facility managers	Clarity of responsibilities, stakeholder engagement levels, coordination efficiency	3, 6, 12–15
Circular strategy integration	Reuse and recycling protocols, end-of-life planning, DMB integration, DT-supported scenario modelling for circularity	Architects, contractors, demolition teams, CE consultants	Increase in reuse rates, reduction in lifecycle waste, improvement in value retention	8, 11, 16–19
Regulatory alignment	Compliance with environmental and construction codes, data protection, auditability via DTs and DPP logs	Policymakers, legal experts, industry bodies	Policy compliance rates, audit readiness, adaptability to regulation changes	1, 2, 6, 11, 20–22
Performance monitoring	IoT-connected assets, LCA tools, carbon and circularity indicators, DT dashboards	Facility managers, ESG analysts, sustainability researchers	Accuracy of performance forecasts, improvements in ESG reporting and decision support	1, 3–5, 18–19

Note(s):

1: Elghaish et al. (2023); 2: Voulgaridis et al. (2024); 3: Çetin et al. (2024); 4: Magaisa et al. (2022); 5: Monteiro et al. (2024); 6: UN/CEFACT (2024); 7: Stella et al. (2023); 8: Kebede et al. (2024); 9: Büchel and Neligan (2025); 10: Heisel and Rau-Oberhuber (2020); 11: European Commission (2024); 12: Munaro and Tavares (2021); 13: Neligan et al. (2023); 14: Abedi et al. (2024); 15: Gianvincenzi et al. (2025); 16: Moghayedi and Awuzie (2023); 17: Ott et al. (2023); 18: Schaubroeck et al. (2022); 19: Morganti et al. (2024); 20: ISO 23387; 21: ISO 22057; 22: BUILD UP (2024)

Source(s): Authors’ compilation (2026)

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