Alignment of DDIF stages with lifecycle phases, technologies and flows
| DDIF stage | Lifecycle phase(s) (EN 15978) | Key enabling technologies | Role in information and material flow | Implementation status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Initiation and planning | A0–A1 | BIM, digital collaboration platforms | Defines circular objectives, stakeholder roles and data requirements that govern downstream information and material flows | Mandatory |
| 2 Data collection and standardisation | A1–A3 | BIM, ISO 23386/23387 templates, EPD databases | Establishes standardised data structures enabling lifecycle-wide traceability and interoperability | Mandatory |
| 3 Technological integration | A1–D | BIM, IoT, AI, blockchain, digital twins (overarching) | Integrates data streams into a unified digital environment; DTs synchronise real-time information across lifecycle stages | Mandatory |
| 4 DPP and DMB creation | A1–A5 (with updates across B–D) | BIM, blockchain, DPP/DMB platforms | Creates and continuously validates DPPs; links verified components to DMB entries for future reuse | Mandatory |
| 5 Digital lifecycle monitoring and updates | B1–B8, C1–C4 | IoT, AI, digital twins | Maintains real-time performance, condition and carbon data feeding forward into reuse and recovery decisions | Adaptive |
| 6 End-of-life and circularity assessment | C1–C4 → A3, D | DPPs, DMBs, AI, digital twins | Enables quality-based recovery and material looping from C stages back to A3, as shown in Figure 5 | Mandatory |
| 7 Reporting and sharing | A–D | DPP platforms, ESG and compliance tools | Provides stakeholder-specific access to verified data supporting compliance, procurement and transparency | Adaptive |
| 8 Review and governance | A–D | Blockchain, audit tools, digital twins | Oversees data integrity, policy alignment and continuous framework refinement | Mandatory |
| Lifecycle phase(s) ( | Key enabling technologies | Role in information and material flow | Implementation status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Initiation and planning | A0–A1 | BIM, digital collaboration platforms | Defines circular objectives, stakeholder roles and data requirements that govern downstream information and material flows | Mandatory |
| 2 Data collection and standardisation | A1–A3 | BIM, | Establishes standardised data structures enabling lifecycle-wide traceability and interoperability | Mandatory |
| 3 Technological integration | A1–D | BIM, IoT, AI, blockchain, digital twins (overarching) | Integrates data streams into a unified digital environment; DTs synchronise real-time information across lifecycle stages | Mandatory |
| 4 | A1–A5 (with updates across B–D) | BIM, blockchain, DPP/DMB platforms | Creates and continuously validates DPPs; links verified components to | Mandatory |
| 5 Digital lifecycle monitoring and updates | B1–B8, C1–C4 | IoT, AI, digital twins | Maintains real-time performance, condition and carbon data feeding forward into reuse and recovery decisions | Adaptive |
| 6 End-of-life and circularity assessment | C1–C4 → A3, D | DPPs, DMBs, AI, digital twins | Enables quality-based recovery and material looping from C stages back to A3, as shown in Figure 5 | Mandatory |
| 7 Reporting and sharing | A–D | Provides stakeholder-specific access to verified data supporting compliance, procurement and transparency | Adaptive | |
| 8 Review and governance | A–D | Blockchain, audit tools, digital twins | Oversees data integrity, policy alignment and continuous framework refinement | Mandatory |
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