Table 1

Main barriers’ description and potential examples

PaperMain barriersBarriers’ causeBarriers’ example
Mazurkiewicz and Poteralska (2017) Organizational-economic barriersLack of organizational and management skills within the organizationInformation transmission Different orientations Poor business management
Technical barriersTransfer’s technical difficultyTacit knowledge Too sophisticated technology
System barriersInteraction between the organization and the economic systemLack of developed infrastructure Lobbies or interest groups
Kowalik and Anna (2022) Strategic barriersMisalignment regarding objectives and intentions between different parts of the organizationFragmented view of the process Conflicting goals
Structural barriersExcessively rigid hierarchical structure of the organizationSlow communication Slow decision-making process
Cultural barriersLack of an adequate innovation culture within the organizationPunishments for taking risks Unstimulating work environment
Procedural barriersLack of knowledge regarding procedures and expected behaviors from the employeesUnclear procedures Low flexibility Unjustified stalls in process advancements

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