Perceived barriers to AI integration
| Barrier type | Sub-count | Total (N) | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| First-order Barriers (Institutional and Structural) | 151 | 42% | |
| Lack of policies, goals, and strategies | 46 | 13% | |
| Lack of technology access (infrastructure, resources) | 34 | 10% | |
| Lack of technical support | 23 | 6% | |
| Lack of funding | 19 | 5% | |
| Lack of leadership commitment and support | 18 | 5% | |
| Lack of professional development or training | 7 | 2% | |
| Time constraint to learn and apply GenAI | 4 | 1% | |
| Second-order Barriers (Beliefs, Ethics, and Pedagogy) | 211 | 58% | |
| Technology value beliefs (risk, privacy, and accuracy concerns) | 63 | 17% | |
| 53 | ||
| 7 | ||
| 3 | ||
| Pedagogical beliefs (human interaction, subject alignment) | 51 | 14% | |
| 36 | ||
| 6 | ||
| 5 | ||
| 4 | ||
| Ethical concerns (cheating, plagiarism, responsible use) | 50 | 14% | |
| Teacher awareness and/or attitudes (hesitancy, skepticism) | 29 | 8% | |
| Lack of AI knowledge and skills | 18 | 5% | |
| Total | 363 | 100% |
| Barrier type | Sub-count | Total ( | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lack of policies, goals, and strategies | 46 | 13% | |
| Lack of technology access (infrastructure, resources) | 34 | 10% | |
| Lack of technical support | 23 | 6% | |
| Lack of funding | 19 | 5% | |
| Lack of leadership commitment and support | 18 | 5% | |
| Lack of professional development or training | 7 | 2% | |
| Time constraint to learn and apply GenAI | 4 | 1% | |
| Technology value beliefs (risk, privacy, and accuracy concerns) | 63 | 17% | |
AI’s inability to manage risks (bias, data privacy, security) | 53 | ||
AI does not enhance learning or benefits do not outweigh risks | 7 | ||
AI causes students to over-reliance | 3 | ||
| Pedagogical beliefs (human interaction, subject alignment) | 51 | 14% | |
AI reduces human interaction in teaching | 36 | ||
AI does not align with early childhood learning | 6 | ||
AI should only be used for tech-related subjects (e.g. coding) | 5 | ||
AI misaligns with teachers’ instructional goals | 4 | ||
| Ethical concerns (cheating, plagiarism, responsible use) | 50 | 14% | |
| Teacher awareness and/or attitudes (hesitancy, skepticism) | 29 | 8% | |
| Lack of AI knowledge and skills | 18 | 5% | |
| Total |