Table 8

Thematic analysis framework

CategoriesCodeDescriptionCoding example
AI ReadinessAI_FamiliarityLeaders demonstrate higher familiarity and confidence in AI use compared to teachersOur district has already started AI training for administrators to guide implementation. (Leader 12)
 AI_Training_NeedBoth leaders and teachers express a need for targeted AI training at different levelsI want to use AI in my lessons, but I have no training or guidelines from my school. (Teacher 32)
AI Use CasesAI_Strategic_UseLeaders view AI as a strategic tool for long-term institutional developmentAI will shape how we plan curriculum, but we need policies to integrate it effectively. (Leader 8)
 AI_Classroom_ApplicationTeachers primarily use AI for lesson planning, assessment, and content generationI use ChatGPT to generate quiz questions, but I don’t let students use it directly. (Teacher 45)
 AI_Administrative_UseAI is being used to support administrative duties rather than direct classroom instructionI use AI to write emails, draft reports, and create rubrics, but not for direct teaching. (Teacher 21)
Ethical and Pedagogical ConcernsAI_EthicsConcerns about AI bias, data privacy, and ethical considerations in student useI’m worried students will use AI to cheat, and we don’t have a clear policy on it. (Teacher 10)
 AI_Human_InteractionTeachers worry that AI may replace or reduce human interactions in educationYou can’t replace human connection with AI. Students need real interactions to learn. (Teacher 58)
ChallengesAI_Policy_GapBoth groups identify a lack of clear AI guidelines at the institutional levelRight now, AI use is up to individual teachers, and that creates inconsistencies. (Leader 17)
 AI_Resource_LimitationsTeachers in under-resourced schools report difficulties accessing AI tools and infrastructureOur school doesn’t have the internet bandwidth or devices to use AI effectively. (Teacher 40)
 AI_ResistanceSome educators remain skeptical about AI’s role in education and resist adoptionAI feels like just another tech trend. I don’t see the value in changing my teaching methods. (Teacher 29)
Source(s): Author's own work

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