Table 8

Key differences among TPM maturity models

FeaturesShaaban and Awni (2014) Alidrisi (2020) Proposed HDG TPM 5.0 model
Maturity levels3 stages (Pilot, Deployment, Continuous Improvement)5 levels (Basic to World Class)5 levels extended to HDG multidimensional structure
Focus areasTPM pillarsTPM pillarsTPM pillars + HDG dimensions
Digital dimensionNot addressedNot addressedExplicitly modelled across all pillars
Human dimensionLimitedLimited (AM only)Explicitly modelled across all pillars
Green dimensionNot consideredNot consideredExplicitly modelled across all pillars
Scoring logicQualitative categorisationQuantitative per pillarThree-layer scoring: Overall→ HDG (2D)→ TPM pillars on HDG space (3D)
NormalisationImplicit; based on qualitative expert judgementFirm-specific bounds (non-comparable)Cluster-referenced, comparable across firms
Weighting mechanismStaticStatic fuzzy linguistic weightsContextual weighting (sector*size*item relevance) + dynamic updates
Benchmarking logicNot defined (case-based insights only)Global rankingCluster-specific, context sensitive
ExplainabilityNoneNoneIntegrated
Qualitative inputNot systematically includedNoneNLP-driven analysis, drift detection
Operator interfaceN/AN/AInteractive dashboard and chatbot
Improvement recommendationsGeneral adviceImplicit logicData-driven (based on cluster frontrunners' practices), dimension- and pillar-specific
Source(s): Authors’ own creation/work

or Create an Account

Close Modal
Close Modal