Table 2.

North American English consonants classified by place, manner and voicing based on previous language description (Ladefoged, 1999)

PhonemePlace of articulationManner of articulationVoicing
/ p /BilabialPlosiveVoiceless
/ b /BilabialPlosiveVoiced
/ t /AlveolarPlosiveVoiceless
/ d /AlveolarPlosiveVoiced
/ k /VelarPlosiveVoiceless
/ g /VelarPlosiveVoiced
/ t∫ /Post-alveolarAffricateVoiceless
/ dʒ /Post-alveolarAffricateVoiced
/ m /BilabialNasalVoiced
/ n /AlveolarNasalVoiced
/ ŋ /VelarNasalVoiced
/ f /LabiodentalFricativeVoiceless
/ v /LabiodentalFricativeVoiced
/ θ /DentalFricativeVoiceless
/ ð /DentalFricativeVoiced
/ s /AlveolarFricativeVoiceless
/ z /AlveolarFricativeVoiced
/ ∫ /Post-alveolarFricativeVoiceless
/ ʒ /Post-alveolarFricativeVoiced
/ h /GlottalFricativeVoiceless
/ r /AlveolarApproximantVoiced
/ j /PalatalApproximantVoiced
/ w /VelarApproximantVoiced
/ l /AlveolarLateral approximantVoiced
[ViewLarge]
This Feature Is Available To Subscribers Only

or Create an Account

Close subscription notice
Close access options