Table 1 Summary of variables,... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1

Summary of variables, constructs, measurement tools, and sources

Variable	Construct definition	Measurement tool	Source
Change Confidence	Perceived self-efficacy and support in managing organizational change	Change Confidence subscale from Italian version of Readiness to Change Questionnaire (Holt et al., 2007)	Holt et al. (2007)
Change Cynicism	Pessimism and skepticism toward the success and sincerity of change initiatives	Italian version of Wanous et al. (2000) questionnaire	Wanous et al. (2000)
Anxiety	Emotional response to change, reflecting discomfort and distress	Italian version of Tyrer et al. (1984) short anxiety scale	Tyrer et al. (1984)
Intention to Quit	Tendency to leave the organization as a response to change	3 ad-hoc items developed for the study	Ad hoc, Cronbach's Alpha = 0.70
Previous Change History	Employee perceptions of previous organizational changes	Italian version of Poor Change History scale	Bordia et al. (2011)
Control Variables	Demographic and organizational tenure indicators	Single-item measures for Age, Tenure and Gender	Standard demographic items

Variable	Construct definition	Measurement tool	Source
Change Confidence	Perceived self-efficacy and support in managing organizational change	Change Confidence subscale from Italian version of Readiness to Change Questionnaire (Holt et al., 2007)	Holt et al. (2007)
Change Cynicism	Pessimism and skepticism toward the success and sincerity of change initiatives	Italian version of Wanous et al. (2000) questionnaire	Wanous et al. (2000)
Anxiety	Emotional response to change, reflecting discomfort and distress	Italian version of Tyrer et al. (1984) short anxiety scale	Tyrer et al. (1984)
Intention to Quit	Tendency to leave the organization as a response to change	3 ad-hoc items developed for the study	Ad hoc, Cronbach's Alpha = 0.70
Previous Change History	Employee perceptions of previous organizational changes	Italian version of Poor Change History scale	Bordia et al. (2011)
Control Variables	Demographic and organizational tenure indicators	Single-item measures for Age, Tenure and Gender	Standard demographic items

Source(s): Author’s own work