Overview of Pihkala’s taxonomy of CE
| CE categories | Examples for associated emotions and mental states |
|---|---|
| Surprise-related CE | Amazement, awe, wonder, surprise, disappointment, confusion, feeling isolated |
| Threat-related CE | Fear, worry, (milder) anxiety, dread, helplessness, feeling overwhelmed, panic |
| Sadness-related CE | Sadness, grief, solastalgia, yearning, feeling lonely |
| Strong anxiety-related climate feelings | Strong anxiety, feeling strongly powerlessness or overwhelmed |
| Strong depression-related climate feelings | Strong depression, feeling meaninglessness, hopelessness |
| CE closely related to guilt and shame | Guilt, shame, embarrassment, feeling inadequate, regret, remorse |
| CE related to indignation | Indignation, moral outrage, feeling betrayed |
| Disgust-related CE | Disgust, aversion, resentment |
| Anger-related CE | Anger, rage, frustration, feeling irritated |
| Envy-related CE | Envy, jealousy, admiration |
| Climate feelings of hostility | Contempt, feeling skepticism, doubt, feeling bored |
| Different kinds of positive CE | Interest, excitement, empowerment, joy, pride, gratitude, hope, belonging, care, love, empathy, compassion |
| Examples for associated emotions and mental states | |
|---|---|
| Surprise-related | Amazement, awe, wonder, surprise, disappointment, confusion, feeling isolated |
| Threat-related | Fear, worry, (milder) anxiety, dread, helplessness, feeling overwhelmed, panic |
| Sadness-related | Sadness, grief, solastalgia, yearning, feeling lonely |
| Strong anxiety-related climate feelings | Strong anxiety, feeling strongly powerlessness or overwhelmed |
| Strong depression-related climate feelings | Strong depression, feeling meaninglessness, hopelessness |
| Guilt, shame, embarrassment, feeling inadequate, regret, remorse | |
| Indignation, moral outrage, feeling betrayed | |
| Disgust-related | Disgust, aversion, resentment |
| Anger-related | Anger, rage, frustration, feeling irritated |
| Envy-related | Envy, jealousy, admiration |
| Climate feelings of hostility | Contempt, feeling skepticism, doubt, feeling bored |
| Different kinds of positive | Interest, excitement, empowerment, joy, pride, gratitude, hope, belonging, care, love, empathy, compassion |
Sharing content requires targeting cookies to be enabled. Please update your cookie preferences to use this feature.