Table 2 Measurement Invariance Across...

Table 2

Measurement Invariance Across Gender, Educational Level, and Race/Ethnicity (N = 681)

Model	χ²	df	χ²/df	CFI	RMSEA	90% CI	SRMR
	Gender
Males, n = 153	107.75	74	1.46	.967	.055	[.030, .076]	.046
Females, n = 520	168.15	74	2.27	.972	.049	[.040, .059]	.036
Configural invariance	279.39	148	1.89	.971	.051	[.042, .061]	.038
Metric invariance	298.17	159	1.88	.969	.051	[.042, .060]	.057
Scalar invariance	314.88	170	1.85	.968	.050	[.042, .059]	.059
	Race/Ethnicity
Hispanic/Latino, n = 276	121.75	74	1.65	.974	.048	[.032, .063]	.039
White, n = 192	97.59	74	1.32	.981	.041	[.012, .061]	.049
Other, n =199	114.35	74	1.55	.971	.052	[.032, .071]	.050
Configural invariance	333.55	222	1.50	.975	.048	[.037, .058]	.046
Metric invariance	363.45	244	1.49	.973	.047	[.037, .057]	.070
Scalar invariance	397.77	266	1.50	.971	.047	[.037, .057]	.073
	Academic Year
Freshman, n = 115	131.99	74	1.78	.940	.083	[.059, .105]	.052
Sophomore, n = 107	119.12	74	1.61	.942	.075	[.049, .100]	.059
Junior, n = 175	107.34	74	1.45	.973	.051	[.027, .071]	.047
Senior, n = 171	89.86	74	1.21	.985	.035	[0, .059]	.041
Graduates, n = 102	116.38	74	1.57	.951	.075	[.047, .100]	.059
Configural invariance	563.03	370	1.52	.961	.062	[.052, .073]	.050
Metric invariance	596.25	414	1.44	.963	.057	[.047, .067]	.077
Scalar invariance	643.99	458	1.41	.962	.055	[.045, .065]	.080

Model	χ²	df	χ²/df	CFI	RMSEA	90% CI	SRMR
	Gender
Males, n = 153	107.75	74	1.46	.967	.055	[.030, .076]	.046
Females, n = 520	168.15	74	2.27	.972	.049	[.040, .059]	.036
Configural invariance	279.39	148	1.89	.971	.051	[.042, .061]	.038
Metric invariance	298.17	159	1.88	.969	.051	[.042, .060]	.057
Scalar invariance	314.88	170	1.85	.968	.050	[.042, .059]	.059
	Race/Ethnicity
Hispanic/Latino, n = 276	121.75	74	1.65	.974	.048	[.032, .063]	.039
White, n = 192	97.59	74	1.32	.981	.041	[.012, .061]	.049
Other, n =199	114.35	74	1.55	.971	.052	[.032, .071]	.050
Configural invariance	333.55	222	1.50	.975	.048	[.037, .058]	.046
Metric invariance	363.45	244	1.49	.973	.047	[.037, .057]	.070
Scalar invariance	397.77	266	1.50	.971	.047	[.037, .057]	.073
	Academic Year
Freshman, n = 115	131.99	74	1.78	.940	.083	[.059, .105]	.052
Sophomore, n = 107	119.12	74	1.61	.942	.075	[.049, .100]	.059
Junior, n = 175	107.34	74	1.45	.973	.051	[.027, .071]	.047
Senior, n = 171	89.86	74	1.21	.985	.035	[0, .059]	.041
Graduates, n = 102	116.38	74	1.57	.951	.075	[.047, .100]	.059
Configural invariance	563.03	370	1.52	.961	.062	[.052, .073]	.050
Metric invariance	596.25	414	1.44	.963	.057	[.047, .067]	.077
Scalar invariance	643.99	458	1.41	.962	.055	[.045, .065]	.080

Notes: Configural = invariance of factor patterns; metric = invariance of factor loadings; scalar = invariance of item intercepts.

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