Standardized bias scores
| Variable | Online to online | Offline to online | Online to offline |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nearby store count | 0.003 | −0.011 | −0.009 |
| Retailer B | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Retailer C | −0.004 | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Annual spending in initial period | 0.017 | −0.007 | −0.011 |
| PL share | 0.004 | 0.008 | −0.009 |
| Gender | 0.015 | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Age | −0.009 | −0.002 | 0.000 |
| Family size | 0.013 | −0.002 | −0.002 |
| Income | −0.017 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
| Variable | Online to online | Offline to online | Online to offline |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nearby store count | 0.003 | −0.011 | −0.009 |
| Retailer B | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Retailer C | −0.004 | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Annual spending in initial period | 0.017 | −0.007 | −0.011 |
| 0.004 | 0.008 | −0.009 | |
| Gender | 0.015 | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Age | −0.009 | −0.002 | 0.000 |
| Family size | 0.013 | −0.002 | −0.002 |
| Income | −0.017 | 0.006 | 0.008 |
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