Evolution of organisational readiness construct over time
| Time period | Key theoretical contributions | Focus of readiness | Example references |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1950s–1980s | Conceptual emergence of readiness | General preparedness and willingness for change | Jacobson (1957) |
| 1990s–2000s | Behavioural perspective on change readiness (e.g. beliefs, attitudes, intentions) | Psychological readiness; member commitment; change valence and efficacy | Armenakis et al. (1993), Gist and Mitchell (1992), Weiner (2009) |
| 2000s–2010s | Rise of digital transformation and technology-specific readiness | Emphasis on digital capabilities, infrastructure and data governance. Sector-specific resource alignment; structural and cultural readiness | Eby et al. (2000), Lin et al. (2007), Lokuge et al. (2019) |
| 2020s (Emerging) | Readiness for disruptive technologies such as AI, blockchain, XR, quantum computing | Integration readiness, trust in automation, ethical concerns, human–machine collaboration | Du and Xie (2021), Issa et al. (2022), Tehrani et al. (2024) |
| Time period | Key theoretical contributions | Focus of readiness | Example references |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1950s–1980s | Conceptual emergence of readiness | General preparedness and willingness for change | Jacobson (1957) |
| 1990s–2000s | Behavioural perspective on change readiness (e.g. beliefs, attitudes, intentions) | Psychological readiness; member commitment; change valence and efficacy | |
| 2000s–2010s | Rise of digital transformation and technology-specific readiness | Emphasis on digital capabilities, infrastructure and data governance. Sector-specific resource alignment; structural and cultural readiness | |
| 2020s (Emerging) | Readiness for disruptive technologies such as AI, blockchain, XR, quantum computing | Integration readiness, trust in automation, ethical concerns, human–machine collaboration |
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