Table 2. Scaling relations for shaking...

Table 2.

Scaling relations for shaking table tests in terms of geometric scaling factor (λ)

Mass density	1	Acceleration	1	Length	λ
Stiffness	λ²	Shear wave velocity	λ^½	Stress	λ—
Modulus	λ—	Time	λ^½	Strain	1
Displacement	λ—	Frequency	λ^-½	EI	λ⁵