Table 2

Relationship between an acquirer's greenwashing score and a target's ESGC score

OLS2SLS
First stageSecond stage
(1)(2)(3)
TRESGAGWPRETRESG
AGWPRE1.227*** 2.589***
(4.28) (4.69)
CORRUPT −0.006*** 
 (−3.53) 
Constant1.819***0.398***1.770***
(6.15)(2.68)(5.11)
Acquirer characteristicsYesYesYes
Target characteristicsYesYesYes
Acquirer Industry FEYesYesYes
Target Industry FEYesYesYes
Year FEYesYesYes
F statistic 17,139 
Obs.467489489
Adj. R20.2270.3840.374

Note(s): This table presents the relationship between an acquirer's greenwashing level and a target's relative ESGC score. Column (1) reports the OLS estimate of Equation (1). Columns (2) and (3) show the first and second stages of the 2SLS estimate, respectively. Control variables include characteristics of acquirers (AMKCAP, AASSETS, ALEV, AMTB, AROE) and of targets (TMKCAP, TASSETS, TLEV, TMTB, TROE).  Appendix 2 provides definitions of all variables. t-statistics reported in parentheses are calculated using standard errors adjusted for heteroskedasticity and acquirer country clustering. *, ** and *** denote statistical significance at the 10%, 5% and 1% levels, respectively

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