Johansen cointegration test results
| H0 | Test stat | 10% critical value | 5% critical value | 1% critical value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Farm-retail prices | ||||
| r ≤ 1 | 2.83 | 7.52 | 9.24 | 12.97 |
| r = 0 | 14.17 | 17.85 | 19.96 | 24.60 |
| Farm-processing prices | ||||
| r ≤ 1 | 1.71 | 7.52 | 9.24 | 12.97 |
| r = 0 | 31.53*** | 17.85 | 19.96 | 24.60 |
| Processing-retail prices | ||||
| r ≤ 1 | 7.17 | 7.52 | 9.24 | 12.97 |
| r = 0 | 34.37*** | 17.85 | 19.96 | 24.60 |
| H0 | Test stat | 10% critical value | 5% critical value | 1% critical value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Farm-retail prices | ||||
| 2.83 | 7.52 | 9.24 | 12.97 | |
| 14.17 | 17.85 | 19.96 | 24.60 | |
| Farm-processing prices | ||||
| 1.71 | 7.52 | 9.24 | 12.97 | |
| 31.53*** | 17.85 | 19.96 | 24.60 | |
| Processing-retail prices | ||||
| 7.17 | 7.52 | 9.24 | 12.97 | |
| 34.37*** | 17.85 | 19.96 | 24.60 | |
Note(s): Asterisks denote significance at 10% (*), 5% (**), and 1% (***) levels
Source(s): Authors’ own work
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