Table A1 Characteristics based on... | Emerald Publishing

Table A1

Characteristics based on provider, funding and ownership structure

Service provider	Main funding source	Large complex chains	Characteristics and example
Public	Public	No	State-owned and operated care homes; managed directly by regional or local governments; decreasing in number (e.g. Residencia De Mayores De Rafelbunyol S A M P Sociedad Anonima)
Private	Public	No	Small to mid-sized privately owned companies with direct ownership; less opaque structures; regionally focused (e.g. Luanco Centro Geriatrico SL)
Private	Private	No	Privately owned homes operating without public subsidies; clear ownership, smaller scale (e.g. Nelva Residencia Tercera Edad SL)
Private	Public	Yes	Large chains owned by PE funds or investment groups; use multi-layered structures; high opacity (e.g. Amavir)
Private	Private	Yes	Highly financialized chains targeting high-income clientele; less prevalent but present in urban centers (e.g. Intercentros Ballesol S.A.)

Service provider	Main funding source	Large complex chains	Characteristics and example
Public	Public	No	State-owned and operated care homes; managed directly by regional or local governments; decreasing in number (e.g. Residencia De Mayores De Rafelbunyol S A M P Sociedad Anonima)
Private	Public	No	Small to mid-sized privately owned companies with direct ownership; less opaque structures; regionally focused (e.g. Luanco Centro Geriatrico SL)
Private	Private	No	Privately owned homes operating without public subsidies; clear ownership, smaller scale (e.g. Nelva Residencia Tercera Edad SL)
Private	Public	Yes	Large chains owned by PE funds or investment groups; use multi-layered structures; high opacity (e.g. Amavir)
Private	Private	Yes	Highly financialized chains targeting high-income clientele; less prevalent but present in urban centers (e.g. Intercentros Ballesol S.A.)

Source(s): Own elaboration