Operational definitions and LSCM implications of circular strategies
| R-imperative | R-strategy | Definition and logistical scope | LSCM implication |
|---|---|---|---|
| Smarter use | Refuse (R0) | Avoiding unnecessary products or materials and their associated flows by abandoning functions or switching to non-material solutions | Requires upstream avoidance of non-essential flows and strategic procurement choices to prevent waste at the source |
| Rethink (R1) | Making product use more intensive, often through sharing platforms or multi-functional design | Necessitates demand-management to optimise the connection between supply and demand via service-based models | |
| Reduce (R2) | Using fewer resources and generating less waste per unit of output through increased efficiency | Focuses on preventing systemic leakage through spoilage reduction, fewer handling steps, and optimised execution | |
| Lifespan expansion | Reuse (R3) | Using a discarded but functional product again for its original purpose | Depends on functioning return/collection loops, eligibility checks, and condition verification to enable multiple cycles |
| Repair (R4) | Fixing faults in a broken product so it can be utilised with its original function | Requires diagnostic triage and routing to repair centres supported by parts and service logistics | |
| Refurbish (R5) | Restoring an old product and bringing it up to date through extensive reconditioning | Involves grading, quality assurance, and controlled reintegration into appropriate secondary market channels | |
| Remanufacture (R6) | Rebuilding a product to ‘as new’ condition using recovered cores and new parts | Requires core acquisition, disassembly, testing, and certification within a robust reverse network design | |
| Repurpose (R7) | Using a discarded product or its components for a function different from the original | Necessitates cross-actor coordination and matching criteria to align residual value with new alternative functions | |
| Material application | Recycle (R8) | Processing materials to obtain secondary raw materials of high- or low-grade quality | Requires collection consolidation at scale, strict contamination control, and high material purity to ensure economic viability |
| Recover (R9) | Incinerating materials with energy recovery when higher value retention is not feasible | Focuses on compliant routing and documentation for residual streams to ensure safe, regulated final processing |
| R-imperative | R-strategy | Definition and logistical scope | LSCM implication |
|---|---|---|---|
| Smarter use | Refuse (R0) | Avoiding unnecessary products or materials and their associated flows by abandoning functions or switching to non-material solutions | Requires upstream avoidance of non-essential flows and strategic procurement choices to prevent waste at the source |
| Rethink (R1) | Making product use more intensive, often through sharing platforms or multi-functional design | Necessitates demand-management to optimise the connection between supply and demand via service-based models | |
| Reduce (R2) | Using fewer resources and generating less waste per unit of output through increased efficiency | Focuses on preventing systemic leakage through spoilage reduction, fewer handling steps, and optimised execution | |
| Lifespan expansion | Reuse (R3) | Using a discarded but functional product again for its original purpose | Depends on functioning return/collection loops, eligibility checks, and condition verification to enable multiple cycles |
| Repair (R4) | Fixing faults in a broken product so it can be utilised with its original function | Requires diagnostic triage and routing to repair centres supported by parts and service logistics | |
| Refurbish (R5) | Restoring an old product and bringing it up to date through extensive reconditioning | Involves grading, quality assurance, and controlled reintegration into appropriate secondary market channels | |
| Remanufacture (R6) | Rebuilding a product to ‘as new’ condition using recovered cores and new parts | Requires core acquisition, disassembly, testing, and certification within a robust reverse network design | |
| Repurpose (R7) | Using a discarded product or its components for a function different from the original | Necessitates cross-actor coordination and matching criteria to align residual value with new alternative functions | |
| Material application | Recycle (R8) | Processing materials to obtain secondary raw materials of high- or low-grade quality | Requires collection consolidation at scale, strict contamination control, and high material purity to ensure economic viability |
| Recover (R9) | Incinerating materials with energy recovery when higher value retention is not feasible | Focuses on compliant routing and documentation for residual streams to ensure safe, regulated final processing |
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