Geographic sales of large firms by country
| Region | No. of firms | Foreign to total sales (F/T; %) | Intraregional sales (R/T; %) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | 1999 | 2008 | 2017 | 1999 | 2008 | 2017 | 1999 | 2008 | 2017 |
| North America | 192 | 160 | 149 | 24.0 | 32.6 | 36.0 | 80.9 | 73.0 | 68.0 |
| Canada | 12 | 14 | 11 | 41.5 | 45.3 | 61.9 | 86.9 | 80.0 | 71.8 |
| Mexico | 2 | 4 | 2 | 7.0 | 60.9 | 37.2 | N/A | 64.0 | 73.2 |
| USA | 178 | 142 | 136 | 23.0 | 30.3 | 32.5 | 80.6 | 71.9 | 67.5 |
| Europe | 164 | 186 | 138 | 57.4 | 45.5 | 64.7 | 67.1 | 73.6 | 56.5 |
| Austria | – | 2 | – | – | 66.0 | – | – | 95.0 | – |
| Belgium | 3 | 5 | 1 | N/A | 81.1 | N/A | N/A | 42.6 | 18.3 |
| Denmark | – | 2 | 1 | – | 59.6 | 99.2 | – | 70.4 | 12.4 |
| Finland | 2 | 2 | 1 | 93.1 | 78.2 | 92.7 | 82.6 | 62.5 | 20.2 |
| France | 37 | 40 | 30 | 69.2 | 56.0 | 65.1 | 67.0 | 68.6 | 62.2 |
| Germany | 37 | 39 | 29 | 49.6 | 66.4 | 60.8 | 73.5 | 64.2 | 64.3 |
| Hungary | – | 1 | – | – | 62.6 | – | – | 99.2 | – |
| Ireland | – | 1 | 2 | – | 94.7 | 98.9 | – | 53.6 | 49.1 |
| Italy | 10 | 10 | 7 | 46.9 | 48.9 | 46.1 | 89.4 | 86.2 | 87.8 |
| Luxembourg | 1 | 1 | – | N/A | N/A | – | N/A | 53.9 | – |
| The Netherlands | 9 | 10 | 13 | 75.5 | 67.8 | 65.5 | 56.6 | 66.9 | 50.0 |
| Norway | 2 | 1 | 1 | 42.4 | 24.4 | 25.8 | 72.1 | 85.0 | 79.9 |
| Poland | – | 1 | – | – | 55.7 | – | – | 100.0 | – |
| Portugal | – | 2 | – | – | 36.0 | – | – | 86.7 | – |
| Russia | 2 | 8 | 4 | 60.2 | 30.9 | 67.4 | 100.0 | 88.9 | 66.6 |
| Spain | 5 | 12 | 9 | 47.4 | 43.1 | 69.6 | 57.2 | 70.8 | 47.6 |
| Sweden | 4 | 6 | 3 | 93.5 | 80.0 | 96.3 | 53.0 | 76.9 | 57.9 |
| Switzerland | 11 | 13 | 12 | 73.3 | 70.9 | 82.5 | 59.9 | 54.3 | 43.9 |
| Turkey | – | 1 | 1 | – | N/A | 26.4 | – | N/A | 73.7 |
| UK | 41 | 29 | 24 | 45.3 | 49.4 | 50.7 | 64.5 | 59.5 | 50.0 |
| Asia Pacific | 139 | 145 | 201 | 26.9 | 30.8 | 22.4 | 77.4 | 79.7 | 82.6 |
| Australia | 7 | 9 | 7 | 18.9 | 26.8 | 26.7 | 67.2 | 89.6 | 94.1 |
| China | 10 | 37 | 109 | N/A | 22.2 | 5.8 | N/A | 88.1 | 94.3 |
| India | 1 | 7 | 7 | < 10.0 | 28.9 | 19.9 | > 90.0 | 74.7 | 80.1 |
| Indonesia | – | – | 1 | – | – | 4.1 | – | – | 95.9 |
| Japan | 107 | 68 | 51 | 25.1 | 30.1 | 36.6 | 78.5 | 76.9 | 72.3 |
| Malaysia | 1 | 1 | 1 | N/A | 79.2 | 71.1 | N/A | N/A | 72.5 |
| Singapore | – | 2 | 3 | – | N/A | N/A | – | 64.0 | 53.6 |
| South Korea | 12 | 14 | 15 | 51.3 | 48.5 | 32.5 | 73.6 | 75.6 | 77.3 |
| Taiwan | 1 | 6 | 6 | N/A | 39.3 | 92.2 | N/A | 89.0 | 31.6 |
| Thailand | – | 1 | 1 | – | N/A | N/A | – | N/A | N/A |
| Total | 495 | 491 | 488 | 33.1 | 40.8 | 38.6 | 76.4 | 74.6 | 70.6 |
| Other regions | 5 | 9 | 12 | N/A | 55.4 | 24.9 | N/A | 51.1 | 57.7 |
| Brazil | 3 | 6 | 7 | N/A | 50.1 | 6.5 | N/A | 53.0 | 75.8 |
| Israel | – | 1 | 1 | – | 71.4 | N/A | – | 49.3 | 27.2 |
| Saudi Arabia | – | 1 | 1 | – | N/A | 84.8 | – | N/A | 28.8 |
| South Africa | 1 | – | 1 | N/A | – | N/A | N/A | – | N/A |
| UAE | – | – | 1 | – | – | N/A | – | – | 20.7 |
| Venezuela | 1 | 1 | 1 | N/A | N/A | 1.6 | N/A | N/A | 100 |
| Total | 500 | 500 | 500 | 33.1 | 40.9 | 38.4 | 76.4 | 74.5 | 70.4 |
| Region | No. of firms | Foreign to total sales (F/T; %) | Intraregional sales (R/T; %) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | 1999 | 2008 | 2017 | 1999 | 2008 | 2017 | 1999 | 2008 | 2017 |
| Canada | 12 | 14 | 11 | 41.5 | 45.3 | 61.9 | 86.9 | 80.0 | 71.8 |
| Mexico | 2 | 4 | 2 | 7.0 | 60.9 | 37.2 | N/A | 64.0 | 73.2 |
| 178 | 142 | 136 | 23.0 | 30.3 | 32.5 | 80.6 | 71.9 | 67.5 | |
| Austria | – | 2 | – | – | 66.0 | – | – | 95.0 | – |
| Belgium | 3 | 5 | 1 | N/A | 81.1 | N/A | N/A | 42.6 | 18.3 |
| Denmark | – | 2 | 1 | – | 59.6 | 99.2 | – | 70.4 | 12.4 |
| Finland | 2 | 2 | 1 | 93.1 | 78.2 | 92.7 | 82.6 | 62.5 | 20.2 |
| France | 37 | 40 | 30 | 69.2 | 56.0 | 65.1 | 67.0 | 68.6 | 62.2 |
| Germany | 37 | 39 | 29 | 49.6 | 66.4 | 60.8 | 73.5 | 64.2 | 64.3 |
| Hungary | – | 1 | – | – | 62.6 | – | – | 99.2 | – |
| Ireland | – | 1 | 2 | – | 94.7 | 98.9 | – | 53.6 | 49.1 |
| Italy | 10 | 10 | 7 | 46.9 | 48.9 | 46.1 | 89.4 | 86.2 | 87.8 |
| Luxembourg | 1 | 1 | – | N/A | N/A | – | N/A | 53.9 | – |
| The Netherlands | 9 | 10 | 13 | 75.5 | 67.8 | 65.5 | 56.6 | 66.9 | 50.0 |
| Norway | 2 | 1 | 1 | 42.4 | 24.4 | 25.8 | 72.1 | 85.0 | 79.9 |
| Poland | – | 1 | – | – | 55.7 | – | – | 100.0 | – |
| Portugal | – | 2 | – | – | 36.0 | – | – | 86.7 | – |
| Russia | 2 | 8 | 4 | 60.2 | 30.9 | 67.4 | 100.0 | 88.9 | 66.6 |
| Spain | 5 | 12 | 9 | 47.4 | 43.1 | 69.6 | 57.2 | 70.8 | 47.6 |
| Sweden | 4 | 6 | 3 | 93.5 | 80.0 | 96.3 | 53.0 | 76.9 | 57.9 |
| Switzerland | 11 | 13 | 12 | 73.3 | 70.9 | 82.5 | 59.9 | 54.3 | 43.9 |
| Turkey | – | 1 | 1 | – | N/A | 26.4 | – | N/A | 73.7 |
| 41 | 29 | 24 | 45.3 | 49.4 | 50.7 | 64.5 | 59.5 | 50.0 | |
| Australia | 7 | 9 | 7 | 18.9 | 26.8 | 26.7 | 67.2 | 89.6 | 94.1 |
| China | 10 | 37 | 109 | N/A | 22.2 | 5.8 | N/A | 88.1 | 94.3 |
| India | 1 | 7 | 7 | < 10.0 | 28.9 | 19.9 | > 90.0 | 74.7 | 80.1 |
| Indonesia | – | – | 1 | – | – | 4.1 | – | – | 95.9 |
| Japan | 107 | 68 | 51 | 25.1 | 30.1 | 36.6 | 78.5 | 76.9 | 72.3 |
| Malaysia | 1 | 1 | 1 | N/A | 79.2 | 71.1 | N/A | N/A | 72.5 |
| Singapore | – | 2 | 3 | – | N/A | N/A | – | 64.0 | 53.6 |
| South Korea | 12 | 14 | 15 | 51.3 | 48.5 | 32.5 | 73.6 | 75.6 | 77.3 |
| Taiwan | 1 | 6 | 6 | N/A | 39.3 | 92.2 | N/A | 89.0 | 31.6 |
| Thailand | – | 1 | 1 | – | N/A | N/A | – | N/A | N/A |
| Brazil | 3 | 6 | 7 | N/A | 50.1 | 6.5 | N/A | 53.0 | 75.8 |
| Israel | – | 1 | 1 | – | 71.4 | N/A | – | 49.3 | 27.2 |
| Saudi Arabia | – | 1 | 1 | – | N/A | 84.8 | – | N/A | 28.8 |
| South Africa | 1 | – | 1 | N/A | – | N/A | N/A | – | N/A |
| – | – | 1 | – | – | N/A | – | – | 20.7 | |
| Venezuela | 1 | 1 | 1 | N/A | N/A | 1.6 | N/A | N/A | 100 |
Note(s): Calculated based on annual reports. Firms in Hong Kong are included in China. Rio Tinto, Royal Dutch Shell and Unilever are considered as firms in UK
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