Table 3

AI literacy competencies

ComponentMain component/PercentageSubcomponentsFrequency of subcomponentsInitial explanation
AI literacy competenciesEthical AI Awareness (%37)Understanding bias, fairness and cultural implications of AI8To cultivate ethical AI leadership, Gen Z must learn to critically evaluate technology; This includes identifying bias in generative AI, analyzing global regulations to understand cultural impacts and auditing systems like facial recognition to expose inequities. Practical engagement through ethics clubs, policy debates and community partnerships enables students to apply this knowledge, advocate for fairness and shift from passive consumption to responsible stewardship of AI.
Comparing global AI ethics frameworks5
Campaigning for equitable AI access9
Organizing intercultural AI ethics forums6
Protecting digital rights5
Creating school AI ethics clubs4
 Critical Digital Discernment (%23)Analyzing AI-generated content with cultural sensitivity5The global rise of AI necessitates culturally sensitive engagement. Users must critically evaluate AI-generated content which often contains hidden biases, misinformation or harmful stereotypes by verifying sources, contextualizing outputs and checking facts; These practices help mitigate risks, foster inclusivity and build trust in AI systems across diverse audiences
Developing skepticism toward culturally biased AI recommendations8
Catching fake news in AI results5
Detecting cross-cultural misinformation in AI tools5
 Intercultural AI Communication (%24)Using AI tools for cross-cultural dialogue5This approach ensures AI respects global diversity by facilitating cross-cultural exchange, integrating indigenous knowledge and adapting to local communication norms. It protects vulnerable users from bias, flags harmful content; and prioritizes both global competence and local relevance to prevent cultural harm
Combining AI with traditional knowledge4
Navigating politeness norms in AI chatbots4
Teaching elders about cultural AI risks5
Recognizing culturally inappropriate AI-generated content6
 Global AI Governance Fluency (%9)Understanding how cultures regulate AI differently5Understanding how cultures regulate AI differently and engaging in cross-border policy debates to shape ethical, culturally-aware AI frameworks
Engaging in intercultural AI policy debates4
 Emotional & Social AI Intelligence (%7)Navigating AI's role in cultural emotions/relationships4Examining how AI handles cultural emotions while detecting and preventing relational insensitivity in human-AI interactions
Detecting cultural insensitivity in emotional AI3
Total100 
Source(s): Authors’ own work

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