Table 5 Moderation analysis: probing...

Table 5

Moderation analysis: probing cultural cluster differences in HR service outsourcing

						Comparisons of significance
HR outsourcing and cluster	B	S.E.(HC3)	p-value	LLCI	ULCI	A vs. G	A vs. N	G vs. N
a) Payroll and benefits						0.586	0.0000	0.0000
Anglo	0.2957	0.0371	0.0000	0.2230	0.3685
Germanic	0.2658	0.0405	0.0000	0.1864	0.3451
Nordic	−0.0199	0.0342	0.5607	−0.0870	0.0472
b) Training and development						0.250	0.0000	0.0026
Anglo	0.2746	0.0338	0.0000	0.2084	0.3408
Germanic	0.2171	0.0368	0.0000	0.1450	0.2893
Nordic	0.0749	0.0296	0.0115	0.0168	0.1330
c) Workforce outplacement/reduction						0.0074	0.0000	0.0000
Anglo	0.3691	0.0341	0.0000	0.3022	0.4361
Germanic	0.2366	0.0357	0.0000	0.1665	0.3067
Nordic	0.0009	0.0270	0.9731	−0.0521	0.0539
d) Recruitment						0.0380	0.0000	0.0000
Anglo	0.3316	0.0326	0.0000	0.2676	0.3957
Germanic	0.2313	0.0354	0.0000	0.1620	0.3006
Nordic	0.0200	0.0261	0.4441	−0.0312	0.0712
e) Selection						0.0072	0.0000	0.0000
Anglo	0.4202	0.0323	0.0000	0.3569	0.4835
Germanic	0.2907	0.0358	0.0000	0.2206	0.3609
Nordic	0.0649	0.0218	0.0029	0.0222	0.1077
f) Processing routine queries from managers/employees						0.0078	0.0000	0.0000
Anglo	0.4474	0.0329	0.0000	0.3829	0.5120
Germanic	0.3196	0.0350	0.0000	0.2511	0.3882
Nordic	0.0180	0.0177	0.3091	−0.0167	0.0527

						Comparisons of significance
HR outsourcing and cluster	B	S.E.(HC3)	p-value	LLCI	ULCI	A vs. G	A vs. N	G vs. N
a) Payroll and benefits						0.586	0.0000	0.0000
Anglo	0.2957	0.0371	0.0000	0.2230	0.3685
Germanic	0.2658	0.0405	0.0000	0.1864	0.3451
Nordic	−0.0199	0.0342	0.5607	−0.0870	0.0472
b) Training and development						0.250	0.0000	0.0026
Anglo	0.2746	0.0338	0.0000	0.2084	0.3408
Germanic	0.2171	0.0368	0.0000	0.1450	0.2893
Nordic	0.0749	0.0296	0.0115	0.0168	0.1330
c) Workforce outplacement/reduction						0.0074	0.0000	0.0000
Anglo	0.3691	0.0341	0.0000	0.3022	0.4361
Germanic	0.2366	0.0357	0.0000	0.1665	0.3067
Nordic	0.0009	0.0270	0.9731	−0.0521	0.0539
d) Recruitment						0.0380	0.0000	0.0000
Anglo	0.3316	0.0326	0.0000	0.2676	0.3957
Germanic	0.2313	0.0354	0.0000	0.1620	0.3006
Nordic	0.0200	0.0261	0.4441	−0.0312	0.0712
e) Selection						0.0072	0.0000	0.0000
Anglo	0.4202	0.0323	0.0000	0.3569	0.4835
Germanic	0.2907	0.0358	0.0000	0.2206	0.3609
Nordic	0.0649	0.0218	0.0029	0.0222	0.1077
f) Processing routine queries from managers/employees						0.0078	0.0000	0.0000
Anglo	0.4474	0.0329	0.0000	0.3829	0.5120
Germanic	0.3196	0.0350	0.0000	0.2511	0.3882
Nordic	0.0180	0.0177	0.3091	−0.0167	0.0527

Note(s): B = Standardized coefficient, S.E. = Standard Error, HC3 = Heteroscedasticity-Consistent Estimator, LLCI = 95% Lower Limit of the Confidence Interval, ULCI = 95% Upper Limit of the Confidence Interval, A = Anglo Cluster, G = Germanic Cluster, N = Nordic Cluster

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