Table 1. Spearman rank-order... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1.

Spearman rank-order correlations with the Green Transformation Index

Independent variable	ρ Spearman	p-value	n	Significance	Effect
Cluster size (no. of members)	0.418	0.006	42	**	Moderate
Cluster budget log(budget)	0.574	<0.001	37	***	Strong
National Key Cluster status (KKK)	0.647	<0.001	42	***	Strong
Green transformation strategy	0.495	0.003	34	**	Moderate
ESG strategy	0.551	0.001	34	***	Strong
Innovation index (z)	0.514	<0.001	42	***	Strong
Cooperation index (z)	0.539	<0.001	42	***	Strong
Cluster age	0.278	0.074	42	†	Weak

Independent variable	ρ Spearman	p-value	n	Significance	Effect
Cluster size (no. of members)	0.418	0.006	42	**	Moderate
Cluster budget log(budget)	0.574	<0.001	37	***	Strong
National Key Cluster status (KKK)	0.647	<0.001	42	***	Strong
Green transformation strategy	0.495	0.003	34	**	Moderate
ESG strategy	0.551	0.001	34	***	Strong
Innovation index (z)	0.514	<0.001	42	***	Strong
Cooperation index (z)	0.539	<0.001	42	***	Strong
Cluster age	0.278	0.074	42	†	Weak

Note(s):

***p < 0.001; **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05; † p < 0.10. Effect size interpretation (Cohen, 1988): |ρ| 0.10–0.29 = weak, 0.30–0.49 = moderate, ≥ 0.50 = strong. Innovation index and cooperation index are z-standardised sums of respective components. n varies due to missing values on budget and strategy variables

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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