Table 5. Goodness of fit indexes Index...

Table 5.

Goodness of fit indexes

Index type	Index	Measurement model	Structural model	Ideal thresholds
Absolute fit measures	$χ^{2}$ (p -value)	348.987 (0.000)	343.350 (0.000)	p -value > 0.05 (Hair et al., 2019)
	$χ^{2}$ /df	1.616	1.675	≤ 5.0 (Schumacker and Lomax, 2010)
	SRMR	0.040	0.043	≤ 0.08 (Hu and Bentler, 1999)
	RMSEA	0.055	0.058	≤ 0.08 (Hooper et al., 2008)
Incremental fit measures	TLI	0.950	0.948	≥ 0.90 (Hair et al., 2019)
	NFI	0.906	0.902	≥ 0.90 (Hu and Bentler, 1999)
	CFI	0.961	0.958	≥ 0.90 (Schumacker and Lomax, 2010)
Parsimonious fit measures	PGFI	0.627	0.646	≥ 0.50 (Bentler and Bonett, 1980)

Index type	Index	Measurement model	Structural model	Ideal thresholds
Absolute fit measures	$χ^{2}$ (p -value)	348.987 (0.000)	343.350 (0.000)	p -value > 0.05 (Hair et al., 2019)
	$χ^{2}$ /df	1.616	1.675	≤ 5.0 (Schumacker and Lomax, 2010)
	SRMR	0.040	0.043	≤ 0.08 (Hu and Bentler, 1999)
	RMSEA	0.055	0.058	≤ 0.08 (Hooper et al., 2008)
Incremental fit measures	TLI	0.950	0.948	≥ 0.90 (Hair et al., 2019)
	NFI	0.906	0.902	≥ 0.90 (Hu and Bentler, 1999)
	CFI	0.961	0.958	≥ 0.90 (Schumacker and Lomax, 2010)
Parsimonious fit measures	PGFI	0.627	0.646	≥ 0.50 (Bentler and Bonett, 1980)

Note(s):

CFI = comparative fit index; df = degrees of freedom; NFI = normed fit index; PGFI = parsimonious goodness of fit index; RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation; SRMR = standardized root mean square residual; TLI = Tucker-Lewis index

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