Table 1

The Wu et al. (2015) Framework of Policy Capacities

Individual-level capabilitiesOrganizational-level capabilitiesSystem-level capabilities
Analytical competenciesIndividual analytical policy capacityOrganizational information capacityKnowledge system capacity
  • -

    Policy analysis & evaluation skills

  • -

    Domain knowledge

  • -

    Scientific research

  • -

    Budgeting

  • -

    Human resources

  • -

    Organization culture embracing EMPM & policy learning

  • -

    Data & information sharing

  • -

    Availability of staff with analytical skills

  • -

    Process for collecting & analyzing data

  • -

    Presence of high-quality training institutions

  • -

    System-wide data collection & data sharing

  • -

    Networking skills

  • -

    Communication skills

Managerial competenciesManagerial expertise capacityAdministrative resource capacityAccountability & responsibility system capacity
  • -

    Human resource management skills

  • -

    Budget & financial management skills

  • -

    Management & planning skills

  • -

    Strategic management

  • -

    Visionary leadership

  • -

    Results-orientated & conflict management skills

  • -

    Funding & staffing

  • -

    Performance management

  • -

    Intra & inter-level agency coordination, communication & consultation

  • -

    Availability of financial, personnel resources & management system

  • -

    Coordination of internal processes

  • -

    System for monitoring agency performance

  • -

    Presence of rule of law

  • -

    Inter agency and governmental coordination

  • -

    Managing roles of agencies in the policy process

Political competenciesPolitical acumen capacityOrganizational political capacityPolitical-economic system capacity
  • -

    Understanding the needs of stakeholders

  • -

    Judgment of political feasibility

  • -

    Communication & negotiation skills

  • -

    Networking skills

  • -

    Interpersonal influence

  • -

    Stakeholder engagement effectiveness

  • -

    Access to key decision makers

  • -

    Decision-maker support for agency programs & projects

  • -

    Inter-organizational trust

  • -

    Presence of public trust

  • -

    Political accountability for policies

  • -

    Participation of civil society in the policy process

  • -

    Adequate fiscal systems to fund programs

  • -

    Policy entrepreneurs

Sources: Adapted from Wu et al. (2015) and Hartley and Zhang (2018) 
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