Table 2

Summary of Talbot (2011), Faulkner and Kaufman (2018) and Thabit et al. (2024) overviews of public values

CriteriaTalbot (2011) Faulkner and Kaufman (2018) Thabit et al. (2024) 
Moore’s strategic triangle focusYes, emphasizes combining efficiency with democratic legitimacyYes, focused on balancing outcomes, resources, and legitimacy and trustYes, but includes a broader governance context
Inclusion of Democratic Legitimacy and TrustYes, central focus alongside effectiveness in public servicesYes, includes trust and legitimacy alongside service quality and efficiencyYes, but tied to accountability, equity, and efficiency
Focus on Performance MeasurementNoYes, framework for public valueNo
Role of Multi-Actor CollaborationNo, focused on public managersNo, focused on public managersYes
Source: By authors

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