Table 1

The economic and political-administrative conditions of Denmark, Italy and Spain

DenmarkItalySpain
GDP per capita at the market price (EU = 100), 20191259691
Public spending on healthcare as % of the GDP, 20196.75.95.7
Share of central government in public expenditures, 201675%60%47%
Type of government system at the central level, 2017Consensual (minority cabinets and grand coalitions)Intermediate (minority cabinets and single-party majorities)Majoritarian (single-party majorities)
Capacity of the government to steer policymaking through horizontal governance, 2017HighLowMedium
Transparency and accountability, 2016Top quintileBottom quintileFourth quintile
Professionalism of the civil service (EU range between 2,9 and 6,2), 20155.83.84.5
Capacity of the central government to coordinate and manage policy implementation, 2016Top quintileThird quintileSecond quintile

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