Table 6

Subgroup analyses for testing the potential moderating role of continent and placement for the non-cognitive outcome

ModeratorHedges’ g95% CIpkQp
Continent    2.2570.323
Asia0.897[0.457; 1.336]0.0006  
Europe0.815[0.127; 1.503]0.0202  
Emerging and developing regions0.267[−0.438; 0.973]0.4582  
Placement of gamification      
  In-class0.992[0.531.; 1.452]0.00052.2300.136
  Both0.507[0.065; 0.948]0.0245  

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