ANCOVA for perceptions of GenAI Tools: Team vs. Individual
| Control (Individual) | Treatment (Team) | SD | F | df | p | Partial Eta2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | M | ||||||
| Text-based tools | |||||||
| Career Readiness | 3.931 | 4.292 | 0.4921 | 4.772 | 1 | <0.001* | 0.089 |
| Saves Time | 4.190 | 4.380 | 0.4570 | 1.053 | 1 | 0.310 | 0.021 |
| Expand Insights and Perspectives | 3.936 | 4.192 | 0.5564 | 2.213 | 1 | 0.143 | 0.043 |
| Learning Support | 3.942 | 4.269 | 0.5363 | 4.346 | 1 | 0.042* | 0.081 |
| Availability of Tool | 3.850 | 4.380 | 0.6760 | 9.150 | 1 | 0.004* | 0.157 |
| Concerns Regarding Text-based GenAI | 3.526 | 3.401 | 0.6572 | 2.411 | 1 | 0.127 | 0.047 |
| Perception for Future/Career | 3.769 | 3.654 | 1.0312 | 0.893 | 1 | 0.349 | 0.018 |
| Image-based tools | |||||||
| Career Readiness | 3.262 | 3.633 | 0.7716 | 1.081 | 1 | 0.304 | 0.022 |
| Saves Time | 3.380 | 3.520 | 1.045 | 0.017 | 1 | 0.896 | 0.000 |
| Expand Insights and Perspectives | 3.558 | 3.385 | 0.9257 | 0.450 | 1 | 0.506 | 0.009 |
| Learning Support | 3.192 | 3.380 | 1.001 | 0.162 | 1 | 0.689 | 0.003 |
| Availability of Tool | 3.580 | 3.760 | 0.8410 | 0.249 | 1 | 0.620 | 0.005 |
| Concerns Regarding Image-based GenAI | 3.484 | 3.322 | 0.5565 | 3.796 | 1 | 0.057 | 0.072 |
| Perception for Future/Career | 3.327 | 3.539 | 0.7782 | 0.002 | 1 | 0.968 | 0.000 |
| Control (Individual) | Treatment (Team) | Partial Eta2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Career Readiness | 3.931 | 4.292 | 0.4921 | 4.772 | 1 | <0.001* | 0.089 |
| Saves Time | 4.190 | 4.380 | 0.4570 | 1.053 | 1 | 0.310 | 0.021 |
| Expand Insights and Perspectives | 3.936 | 4.192 | 0.5564 | 2.213 | 1 | 0.143 | 0.043 |
| Learning Support | 3.942 | 4.269 | 0.5363 | 4.346 | 1 | 0.042* | 0.081 |
| Availability of Tool | 3.850 | 4.380 | 0.6760 | 9.150 | 1 | 0.004* | 0.157 |
| Concerns Regarding | 3.526 | 3.401 | 0.6572 | 2.411 | 1 | 0.127 | 0.047 |
| Perception for Future/Career | 3.769 | 3.654 | 1.0312 | 0.893 | 1 | 0.349 | 0.018 |
| Career Readiness | 3.262 | 3.633 | 0.7716 | 1.081 | 1 | 0.304 | 0.022 |
| Saves Time | 3.380 | 3.520 | 1.045 | 0.017 | 1 | 0.896 | 0.000 |
| Expand Insights and Perspectives | 3.558 | 3.385 | 0.9257 | 0.450 | 1 | 0.506 | 0.009 |
| Learning Support | 3.192 | 3.380 | 1.001 | 0.162 | 1 | 0.689 | 0.003 |
| Availability of Tool | 3.580 | 3.760 | 0.8410 | 0.249 | 1 | 0.620 | 0.005 |
| Concerns Regarding | 3.484 | 3.322 | 0.5565 | 3.796 | 1 | 0.057 | 0.072 |
| Perception for Future/Career | 3.327 | 3.539 | 0.7782 | 0.002 | 1 | 0.968 | 0.000 |
Note(s): p < 0.05, Analyses were conducted using ANCOVA with pre-test scores entered as covariates to control for baseline differences between mentored team-based and individual learning conditions. Reported values include adjusted means, F statistics, p values, and partial η2 effect sizes
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