Table 2

One-sample t-test of the identified challenges of integrating sustainability concepts and practices in rural community buildings

Test Value = 3.5 (95% confidence level)
SNChallengestp(Null hypothesis) remarks
1.Lack of awareness of sustainability concepts in rural areas5.0970.000Rejected
2.Lack of importance attached to sustainability by community leaders9.3620.000Rejected
3.Unfamiliarity with sustainability4.5150.000Rejected
4.Lack of sustainability expertise/skilled labour4.8040.000Rejected
5.Difficulty in acquiring data on existing building6.2230.000Rejected
6.Lack of sustainability technological training7.1320.000Rejected
7.Lack of occupants' interest4.3870.000Rejected
8.Lack of technology3.3650.001Rejected
9.Resistance to change from the use of traditional technologies/6.0010.000Rejected
10.Low level of expertise amongst professionals4.2790.000Rejected
11.Lack of regulatory framework for sustainable urban developments5.6450.000Rejected
12.Lack of innovation5.6180.000Rejected
13.Lack of interest and market demand in the community3.9400.000Rejected
14.High initial capital cost4.0100.000Rejected
15.Lack of government support6.7230.000Rejected
16.Lack of coordination among stakeholders3.9060.000Rejected
17.Lack of sustainable rural building measurement database and design tools.2.0230.047Rejected
18.Poor planning and design2.9430.005Rejected
19.Unaware of the benefits of sustainability5.8280.000Rejected
20.Limited availability of sustainable materials3.2000.002Rejected
21.Fiscal inequality/financial constraints3.0040.004Rejected
Source(s): Authors' own work (2025)

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