Table 4

Descriptive statistics of key variables

VariableNMeanMedianMinMaxStd. dev.
RDCi,t11,1100.3030.0000.0001.0000.460
ROAi,t11,1100.0640.059−0.1660.3000.051
ROAi,t+111,1100.06110.056−0.1720.3000.054
ROAi,t+28,2240.0580.055−0.1730.3000.056
ROAi,t+35,8990.0560.052−0.1780.3020.056
ROEi,t11,1100.1080.102−0.4130.5320.084
ROEi,t+111,1100.1040.101−0.4370.5320.091
ROEi,t+28,1940.1020.010−0.7900.5250.095
ROEi,t+35,8680.1000.098−0.7900.5220.098
Sizei,t11,11022.2022.0619.0826.481.215
Levi,t11,1100.4030.397−0.0360.9510.188
MBi,t11,1101.0180.994−0.8903.5670.652
Growthi,t11,1100.1260.091−0.7401.1840.180
RDinti,t11,1100.0220.0190.0000.1160.017

Note(s): This table shows descriptive statistics of the key variables in our empirical analysis. Appendix gives the definition of all variables

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