Table 3 Structural model results...

Table 3

Structural model results

Hypothesis	Path	β	t-value	p-value	95% CI	Outcome
Panel A. Direct path coefficients
*H1a*	Digitalization → short-term efficiency and service performance	0.31	6.20	< 0.001	[0.21, 0.41]	Supported
*H1b*	Digitalization → adaptability	0.28	5.67	< 0.001	[0.18, 0.38]	Supported
*H1c*	Digitalization → resilience	0.26	5.20	< 0.001	[0.16, 0.36]	Supported
*H2a*	Localization → short-term efficiency and service performance	0.29	5.88	< 0.001	[0.19, 0.39]	Supported
*H2b*	Localization → adaptability	0.33	6.25	< 0.001	[0.23, 0.43]	Supported
*H2c*	Localization → resilience	0.27	5.54	< 0.001	[0.18, 0.36]	Supported
*H3a*	Regulatory reform → short-term efficiency and service performance	0.25	5.01	< 0.001	[0.15, 0.35]	Supported
*H3b*	Regulatory reform → adaptability	0.22	4.55	< 0.001	[0.13, 0.31]	Supported
*H3c*	Regulatory reform → resilience	0.24	4.87	< 0.001	[0.14, 0.34]	Supported
*H4a*	Digitalization → organizational readiness	0.34	6.80	< 0.001	[0.24, 0.44]	Supported
*H4b*	Localization → organizational readiness	0.30	6.12	< 0.001	[0.20, 0.40]	Supported
*H4c*	Regulatory reform → organizational readiness	0.32	6.40	< 0.001	[0.22, 0.42]	Supported

Hypothesis	Path	β	t-value	p-value	95% CI	Outcome
Panel A. Direct path coefficients
H1a	Digitalization → short-term efficiency and service performance	0.31	6.20	< 0.001	[0.21, 0.41]	Supported
H1b	Digitalization → adaptability	0.28	5.67	< 0.001	[0.18, 0.38]	Supported
H1c	Digitalization → resilience	0.26	5.20	< 0.001	[0.16, 0.36]	Supported
H2a	Localization → short-term efficiency and service performance	0.29	5.88	< 0.001	[0.19, 0.39]	Supported
H2b	Localization → adaptability	0.33	6.25	< 0.001	[0.23, 0.43]	Supported
H2c	Localization → resilience	0.27	5.54	< 0.001	[0.18, 0.36]	Supported
H3a	Regulatory reform → short-term efficiency and service performance	0.25	5.01	< 0.001	[0.15, 0.35]	Supported
H3b	Regulatory reform → adaptability	0.22	4.55	< 0.001	[0.13, 0.31]	Supported
H3c	Regulatory reform → resilience	0.24	4.87	< 0.001	[0.14, 0.34]	Supported
H4a	Digitalization → organizational readiness	0.34	6.80	< 0.001	[0.24, 0.44]	Supported
H4b	Localization → organizational readiness	0.30	6.12	< 0.001	[0.20, 0.40]	Supported
H4c	Regulatory reform → organizational readiness	0.32	6.40	< 0.001	[0.22, 0.42]	Supported

Construct	R²	Q²
Panel B. Model explanatory and predictive power
Short-term efficiency and service performance	0.25	0.18
Adaptability	0.24	0.17
Resilience	0.22	0.15
Organizational readiness	0.31	0.22

Construct	R²	Q²
Panel B. Model explanatory and predictive power
Short-term efficiency and service performance	0.25	0.18
Adaptability	0.24	0.17
Resilience	0.22	0.15
Organizational readiness	0.31	0.22

Note(s):

β = standardized path coefficient. Confidence intervals are based on bootstrapping (5,000 resamples). All relationships are statistically significant (p < 0.001). R² = coefficient of determination; Q² = predictive relevance. All Q² values are above zero, indicating adequate predictive relevance

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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