Table 2. Variable definitions,... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2.

Variable definitions, measurement and sources

Variable	Definition	Measurement	Source
Brand value	Present value of the projected income attributable to the brand	Dollar value of the brand as reported by Interbrand’s 2023 Best Global Brands	Interbrand (2023)
Customer-perceived sustainability	A brand’s perceived sustainability effort by customers	How much effort is <BRAND> making to protect the environment and supporting communities and wider society? Scale: five-point Likert scale	2023 Global Brand Equity Monitor, database provided by Brand Finance
Customer-perceived quality	Relative quality of brand’s product and services compared to competing brands as perceived by customers	How would you rate the quality of this brand’s products/services compared to competing brands products/services? Scale: five-point Likert scale	2023 Global Brand Equity Monitor, database provided by Brand Finance
Category	Type of category in which the brand operates	Categorical variable with two levels (utilitarian vs hedonic)	Assigned by authors based on Sloot and Verhoef (2002); Voss et al. (2003)

Variable	Definition	Measurement	Source
Brand value	Present value of the projected income attributable to the brand	Dollar value of the brand as reported by Interbrand’s 2023 Best Global Brands	Interbrand (2023)
Customer-perceived sustainability	A brand’s perceived sustainability effort by customers	How much effort is <BRAND> making to protect the environment and supporting communities and wider society?Scale: five-point Likert scale	2023 Global Brand Equity Monitor, database provided by Brand Finance
Customer-perceived quality	Relative quality of brand’s product and services compared to competing brands as perceived by customers	How would you rate the quality of this brand’s products/services compared to competing brands products/services?Scale: five-point Likert scale	2023 Global Brand Equity Monitor, database provided by Brand Finance
Category	Type of category in which the brand operates	Categorical variable with two levels (utilitarian vs hedonic)	Assigned by authors based on Sloot and Verhoef (2002); Voss et al. (2003)