Table A1. Main keyword categories for AI... | Emerald Publishing

Table A1.

Main keyword categories for AI patent identification

Category	Subcategory	Representative terms/examples
AI infrastructure	Chips and hardware	AI chip, accelerator, processor, GPU, edge device and intelligent sensor
Data and computing support	Storage and computing	Cloud computing, edge computing, distributed computing, storage system and computing platform
Algorithms and models	Machine learning	Machine learning, deep learning, supervised learning and reinforcement learning
Algorithms and models	Neural architectures	Neural network, convolutional neural network, recurrent neural network and transformer
Technical frameworks	AI engineering	Model training, parameter optimisation, feature extraction and inference engine
Intelligent applications	Manufacturing and industry	Intelligent manufacturing, machine vision, predictive maintenance and industrial intelligence
Intelligent applications	Services and platforms	Smart health care, smart transportation, intelligent finance and recommendation system

Category	Subcategory	Representative terms/examples
AI infrastructure	Chips and hardware	AI chip, accelerator, processor, GPU, edge device and intelligent sensor
Data and computing support	Storage and computing	Cloud computing, edge computing, distributed computing, storage system and computing platform
Algorithms and models	Machine learning	Machine learning, deep learning, supervised learning and reinforcement learning
Algorithms and models	Neural architectures	Neural network, convolutional neural network, recurrent neural network and transformer
Technical frameworks	AI engineering	Model training, parameter optimisation, feature extraction and inference engine
Intelligent applications	Manufacturing and industry	Intelligent manufacturing, machine vision, predictive maintenance and industrial intelligence
Intelligent applications	Services and platforms	Smart health care, smart transportation, intelligent finance and recommendation system