Baseline results of the GVC effect on innovation in South Africa
| Probit | IV 2SLS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GVC1 | GVC2 | GVC1 | GVC2 | |
| Variable | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
| GVC | 0.090*** (0.017) | 0.094*** (0.023) | 0.116*** (0.0054) | 0.192*** (0.010) |
| SIZE | −0.020 (0.011) | −0.014 (0.011) | −0.010** (0.0011) | −0.002 (0.0013) |
| LNAGE | −0.027*** (0.0093) | −0.030*** (0.0094) | −0.008*** (0.00083) | −0.008** (0.00085) |
| RD | 0.042** (0.016) | 0.046** (0.016) | 0.0209*** (0.0019) | 0.0091** (0.0011) |
| WEB | 0.025 (0.021) | 0.024 (0.021) | 0.0074 (0.0013) | 0.0050 (0.0017) |
| SKILL | 0.001 (0.030) | 0.012 (0.030) | −0.008 (0.0023) | −0.0025 (0.0021) |
| TRAIN | 0.063*** (0.019) | 0.073*** (0.018) | 0.023** (0.0021) | 0.028*** (0.0021) |
| FDI | 0.122*** (0.043) | 0.130*** (0.044) | 0.123*** (0.0079) | 0.128*** (0.0077) |
| FINANCE | 0.005 (0.007) | 0.006 (0.007) | 0.0001 (0.00077) | 0.0014 (0.00077) |
| FEMALE | −0.007 (0.016) | −0.017 (0.016) | 0.003 (0.0018) | −0.002 (0.0014) |
| LNEXPER | 0.039*** (0.012) | 0.0098*** (0.013) | 0.024** (0.0016) | 0.011*** (0.0017) |
| INDUSTRY | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| REGION | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| OBSERVATIONS | 1,078 | 1,078 | 1,078 | 1,078 |
| Endogeneity test (P-value) | 0.004 | 0.001 | ||
| Sargan test (P-value) | 0.6404 | 0.527 | ||
| Cragg-Donald Wald F statistic | 29.831 | 29.160 | ||
| Stock-Yogo weak ID at 5% | 13.91 | 13.91 | ||
| Probit | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GVC1 | GVC2 | GVC1 | GVC2 | |
| Variable | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) |
| 0.090 | 0.094 | 0.116 | 0.192 | |
| −0.020 (0.011) | −0.014 (0.011) | −0.010 | −0.002 (0.0013) | |
| −0.027 | −0.030 | −0.008 | −0.008 | |
| 0.042 | 0.046 | 0.0209 | 0.0091 | |
| 0.025 (0.021) | 0.024 (0.021) | 0.0074 (0.0013) | 0.0050 (0.0017) | |
| 0.001 (0.030) | 0.012 (0.030) | −0.008 (0.0023) | −0.0025 (0.0021) | |
| 0.063 | 0.073 | 0.023 | 0.028 | |
| 0.122 | 0.130 | 0.123 | 0.128 | |
| FINANCE | 0.005 (0.007) | 0.006 (0.007) | 0.0001 (0.00077) | 0.0014 (0.00077) |
| −0.007 (0.016) | −0.017 (0.016) | 0.003 (0.0018) | −0.002 (0.0014) | |
| LNEXPER | 0.039 | 0.0098 | 0.024 | 0.011 |
| INDUSTRY | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| OBSERVATIONS | 1,078 | 1,078 | 1,078 | 1,078 |
| Endogeneity test ( | 0.004 | 0.001 | ||
| Sargan test ( | 0.6404 | 0.527 | ||
| Cragg-Donald Wald F statistic | 29.831 | 29.160 | ||
| Stock-Yogo weak | 13.91 | 13.91 | ||
Marginal effects; Standard errors in parentheses; ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1
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