Table 7

Empirical results of panel GLS

Variable(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)
CoVaR (−1)0.334*** (9.534)0.332*** (9.447)0.308*** (8.806)0.305*** (8.664)0.282*** (8.271)0.282*** (8.226)
BVE(−1)−0.224 (−1.557) −0.267* (−1.875) −0.237* (−1.751) 
AST(−1) −0.049 (−0.282) −0.075 (−0.451) −0.179 (−1.115)
DTE(−1)0.008* (1.650)0.008* (1.726)0.009* (1.838)0.009* (1.937)0.009** (2.000)0.010** (2.152)
VIX  0.151*** (4.723)0.145*** (4.605)0.167*** (5.394)0.161*** (5.295)
FED  −0.042 (−1.111)−0.046 (−1.214)−0.055 (−1.507)−0.059 (−1.623)
VUCI    9.960*** (7.551)8.878*** (6.664)
Cons−0.478*** (−12.939)−0.485*** (−13.053)−0.504*** (−13.398)−0.513*** (−13.586)−0.952*** (−12.540)−0.966*** (−12.769)
N756756756756756756

Note(s): (1) The Hausman test results choose fixed effects

(2) ***, ** and * denote significance level at 1%, 5% and 10%, respectively

(3) t-values are in the parentheses

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