Table 5

Pairwise correlations pairwise correlations

VariablesEMISSIONAUDIT_COMROACSR_COMFIRM_SZLeverage
EMISSION1.000     
AUDIT_COM0.079***1.000    
ROA0.280***0.068***1.000   
CSR_COM0.646***0.206***0.208***1.000  
FIRM_SZ0.590***0.198***0.407***0.485***1.000 
LEVERAGE0.100***0.079***0.0030.094***0.236***1.000
logGDP−0.234***0.206***−0.133***−0.131***−0.073***0.028***
 INF0.034***0.102***0.015***0.044***−0.046***0.021***
BDSIZE−0.038***0.003−0.002−0.023***−0.031***−0.008*
BDGEND0.0010.023***0.0040.007−0.003−0.012**
SECTOR−0.044***0.004−0.068***−0.062***−0.023***0.034***
COUNTRY−0.166***0.111***−0.121***−0.161***−0.049***0.031***
VariableslogGDPINFBDSIZEBDGENDBDGENDSECTOR
logGDP1.000     
INF−0.160***1.000    
BDSIZE0.013**0.011**1.000   
BDGEND0.023***0.019***−0.125***1.000  
SECTOR0.065***−0.0070.015***0.0041.000 
COUNTRY0.356***0.059***0.025***0.012**0.134***1.000

Note(s): ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1

Source(s): Authors’ own work
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