Table 10 Path analysis with innovative...

Table 10

Path analysis with innovative capabilities as explanatory variable

		EU				UK				USA
Testing path	Label	Coefficient	Boot SE	CI lower	CI upper	Coefficient	Boot SE	CI lower	CI upper	Coefficient	Boot SE	CI lower	CI upper
Panel A: Path analysis with responsible innovation as a mediator
Direct effect
Innovative capabilities → responsible innovation	a	0.92***	0.07	0.78	1.07	0.72***	0.06	0.60	0.84	0.93***	0.10	0.74	1.12
Responsible innovation → competitiveness	b	0.18***	0.02	0.14	0.22	0.17***	0.02	0.13	0.21	0.12***	0.03	0.05	0.18
Innovative capabilities → competitiveness	c	0.27***	0.02	0.22	0.31	0.21***	0.02	0.16	0.25	0.17***	0.04	0.10	0.24
Indirect effect
Innovative capabilities → responsible innovation → competitiveness	A * b	0.14**	0.06	0.02	0.26	0.18**	0.09	−0.00	0.36	0.11	0.12	−0.12	0.34
Total effect
Innovative capabilities → competitiveness	c + (a * b)	0.40***	0.07	0.27	0.53	0.39***	0.10	0.20	0.58	0.28**	0.12	0.04	0.53
Panel B: Path analysis with organisational support as a mediator
Direct effect
Innovative capabilities → organisational support	e	0.15***	0.01	0.12	0.18	0.13***	0.01	0.10	0.15	0.15***	0.02	0.10	0.19
Organisational support → competitiveness	f	0.84***	0.12	0.60	1.08	0.64***	0.11	0.43	0.84	0.44***	0.14	0.17	0.71
Innovative capabilities → competitiveness	d	0.27***	0.02	0.22	0.31	0.21***	0.02	0.16	0.25	0.17***	0.04	0.10	0.24
Indirect effect
Innovative capabilities → organisational support → competitiveness	e * f	0.50*	0.29	−0.07	1.06	0.41	0.32	−0.22	1.02	0.42	0.36	−0.28	1.12
Total effect
Innovative capabilities → competitiveness	d + (e * f)	0.76***	0.29	0.20	1.33	0.62**	0.32	−0.02	1.26	0.59	0.36	−0.12	1.30

		EU				UK				USA
Testing path	Label	Coefficient	Boot SE	CI lower	CI upper	Coefficient	Boot SE	CI lower	CI upper	Coefficient	Boot SE	CI lower	CI upper
Panel A: Path analysis with responsible innovation as a mediator
Direct effect
Innovative capabilities → responsible innovation	a	0.92***	0.07	0.78	1.07	0.72***	0.06	0.60	0.84	0.93***	0.10	0.74	1.12
Responsible innovation → competitiveness	b	0.18***	0.02	0.14	0.22	0.17***	0.02	0.13	0.21	0.12***	0.03	0.05	0.18
Innovative capabilities → competitiveness	c	0.27***	0.02	0.22	0.31	0.21***	0.02	0.16	0.25	0.17***	0.04	0.10	0.24
Indirect effect
Innovative capabilities → responsible innovation → competitiveness	A * b	0.14**	0.06	0.02	0.26	0.18**	0.09	−0.00	0.36	0.11	0.12	−0.12	0.34
Total effect
Innovative capabilities → competitiveness	c + (a * b)	0.40***	0.07	0.27	0.53	0.39***	0.10	0.20	0.58	0.28**	0.12	0.04	0.53
Panel B: Path analysis with organisational support as a mediator
Direct effect
Innovative capabilities → organisational support	e	0.15***	0.01	0.12	0.18	0.13***	0.01	0.10	0.15	0.15***	0.02	0.10	0.19
Organisational support → competitiveness	f	0.84***	0.12	0.60	1.08	0.64***	0.11	0.43	0.84	0.44***	0.14	0.17	0.71
Innovative capabilities → competitiveness	d	0.27***	0.02	0.22	0.31	0.21***	0.02	0.16	0.25	0.17***	0.04	0.10	0.24
Indirect effect
Innovative capabilities → organisational support → competitiveness	e * f	0.50*	0.29	−0.07	1.06	0.41	0.32	−0.22	1.02	0.42	0.36	−0.28	1.12
Total effect
Innovative capabilities → competitiveness	d + (e * f)	0.76***	0.29	0.20	1.33	0.62**	0.32	−0.02	1.26	0.59	0.36	−0.12	1.30

Note(s):

The results of the path analysis with bootstrap procedure include all control variables; latent variables have undergone a transformation process via the Box–Cox technique, Significance levels: *p < 0.10; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01

Source(s): Authors’ elaboration using Stata^® software

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