Table 5 Effects of components of...

Table 5

Effects of components of management style on GDP pc, 2008–2022

Statistics	R	SE R	B	SE B	Z	p	R²	F	p	SEE	D-W
Employee development
Constant			0.427	0.231	1.848	0.0647	0.47*	1379.205*	0.0000	1.055*	2.11
GDPpct₀	0.68*	0.018*	6.069*	0.163*	37.138*	0.0000	0.47*	1379.205*	0.0000	1.055*	2.11
Constant			0.496*	0.236*	2.104*	0.0356	0.47*	1306.595*	0.0000	1.045*	2.11
GDPpct₊₁	0.69*	0.019*	6.045*	0.167*	36.147*	0.0000	0.47*	1306.595*	0.0000	1.045*	2.11
Cooperation in labour–employer relations
Constant			2.032*	0.319*	6.377*	0.0000	0.23*	476.360*	0.0000	1.266*	2.12
GDPpct₀	0.48*	0.022*	4.655*	0.213*	21.826*	0.0000	0.23*	476.360*	0.0000	1.266*	2.12
Constant			2.154*	0.325*	6.624*	0.0000	0.23*	442.853*	0.0000	1.259*	2.13
GDPpct₊₁	0.48*	0.023*	4.587*	0.218*	21.044*	0.0000	0.23*	442.853*	0.0000	1.259*	2.13
Relationship of pay to productivity
Constant			3.074*	0.286*	10.766*	0.0000	0.21*	429.213*	0.0000	1.281*	2.07
GDPpct₀	0.46*	0.022*	4.274*	0.206*	20.717*	0.0000	0.21*	429.213*	0.0000	1.281*	2.07
Constant			3.136*	0.291*	10.775*	0.0000	0.22*	406.310*	0.0000	1.272*	2.07
GDPpct₊₁	0.47*	0.023*	4.239*	0.210*	20.157*	0.0000	0.22*	406.310*	0.0000	1.272*	2.07
Reliance on professional management
Constant			1.783*	0.217*	8.222*	0.0000	0.41*	1112.128*	0.0000	1.106*	2.05
GDPpct₀	0.64*	0.019*	4.833*	0.145*	33.349*	0.0000	0.41*	1112.128*	0.0000	1.106*	2.05
Constant			1.860*	0.220*	8.440*	0.0000	0.42*	1056.226*	0.0000	1.096*	2.04
GDPpct₊₁	0.65*	0.020*	4.790*	0.147*	32.500*	0.0000	0.42*	1056.226*	0.0000	1.096*	2.04
Willingness to delegate authority
Constant			2.417*	0.213*	11.359*	0.0000	0.38*	961.333*	0.0000	1.139*	1.98
GDPpct₀	0.62*	0.020*	4.652*	0.150*	31.005*	0.0000	0.38*	961.333*	0.0000	1.139*	1.98
Constant			2.526*	0.215*	11.731*	0.0000	0.38*	910.716*	0.0000	1.129*	1.98
GDPpct₊₁	0.62*	0.021*	4.602*	0.153*	30.178*	0.0000	0.38*	910.716*	0.0000	1.129*	1.98

Statistics	R	SE R	B	SE B	Z	p	R²	F	p	SEE	D-W
Employee development
Constant			0.427	0.231	1.848	0.0647	0.47*	1379.205*	0.0000	1.055*	2.11
GDPpct₀	0.68*	0.018*	6.069*	0.163*	37.138*	0.0000	0.47*	1379.205*	0.0000	1.055*	2.11
Constant			0.496*	0.236*	2.104*	0.0356	0.47*	1306.595*	0.0000	1.045*	2.11
GDPpct₊₁	0.69*	0.019*	6.045*	0.167*	36.147*	0.0000	0.47*	1306.595*	0.0000	1.045*	2.11
Cooperation in labour–employer relations
Constant			2.032*	0.319*	6.377*	0.0000	0.23*	476.360*	0.0000	1.266*	2.12
GDPpct₀	0.48*	0.022*	4.655*	0.213*	21.826*	0.0000	0.23*	476.360*	0.0000	1.266*	2.12
Constant			2.154*	0.325*	6.624*	0.0000	0.23*	442.853*	0.0000	1.259*	2.13
GDPpct₊₁	0.48*	0.023*	4.587*	0.218*	21.044*	0.0000	0.23*	442.853*	0.0000	1.259*	2.13
Relationship of pay to productivity
Constant			3.074*	0.286*	10.766*	0.0000	0.21*	429.213*	0.0000	1.281*	2.07
GDPpct₀	0.46*	0.022*	4.274*	0.206*	20.717*	0.0000	0.21*	429.213*	0.0000	1.281*	2.07
Constant			3.136*	0.291*	10.775*	0.0000	0.22*	406.310*	0.0000	1.272*	2.07
GDPpct₊₁	0.47*	0.023*	4.239*	0.210*	20.157*	0.0000	0.22*	406.310*	0.0000	1.272*	2.07
Reliance on professional management
Constant			1.783*	0.217*	8.222*	0.0000	0.41*	1112.128*	0.0000	1.106*	2.05
GDPpct₀	0.64*	0.019*	4.833*	0.145*	33.349*	0.0000	0.41*	1112.128*	0.0000	1.106*	2.05
Constant			1.860*	0.220*	8.440*	0.0000	0.42*	1056.226*	0.0000	1.096*	2.04
GDPpct₊₁	0.65*	0.020*	4.790*	0.147*	32.500*	0.0000	0.42*	1056.226*	0.0000	1.096*	2.04
Willingness to delegate authority
Constant			2.417*	0.213*	11.359*	0.0000	0.38*	961.333*	0.0000	1.139*	1.98
GDPpct₀	0.62*	0.020*	4.652*	0.150*	31.005*	0.0000	0.38*	961.333*	0.0000	1.139*	1.98
Constant			2.526*	0.215*	11.731*	0.0000	0.38*	910.716*	0.0000	1.129*	1.98
GDPpct₊₁	0.62*	0.021*	4.602*	0.153*	30.178*	0.0000	0.38*	910.716*	0.0000	1.129*	1.98

Note(s): * statistically significant at α < 0.05; R – correlation coefficient; SE R-estimation errors of correlation coefficients, B – regression coefficient, SE B - estimation errors of regression coefficient, z – z test; p – p value; F – F statistic; D–W – Durbin–Watson test

Source(s): Authors’ calculations

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