Table 3. Unit root tests Variable LLC... | Emerald Publishing

Table 3.

Unit root tests

Variable	LLC	IPS
lnCO²	−2.6075***	−2.8933***
$\ln T G H G$	−1.9505***	−2.3513***
$\ln P M$	−1.6611***	−8.9438***
$\ln G D P C$	−6.3029***	−3.9492***
$\ln C R$	−2.8633***	−5.8929***
$\ln T I$	−22.1957***	−5.0578***
$\ln U R B$	−4.5901***	−5.0394***
$\ln F D I$	−6.8896***	−10.3742***
$\ln T O$	−9.9104***	−4.7996***

Variable	LLC	IPS
lnCO²	−2.6075***	−2.8933***
$\ln T G H G$	−1.9505***	−2.3513***
$\ln P M$	−1.6611***	−8.9438***
$\ln G D P C$	−6.3029***	−3.9492***
$\ln C R$	−2.8633***	−5.8929***
$\ln T I$	−22.1957***	−5.0578***
$\ln U R B$	−4.5901***	−5.0394***
$\ln F D I$	−6.8896***	−10.3742***
$\ln T O$	−9.9104***	−4.7996***

Note(s):

“*”, “**” and “***” indicates significant at 10, 5 and 1% level

Source(s): Authors’ own work