Properties derived from XCT analysis of each sample. The volume percentage and fraction of identified features with a per feature volume larger than 0.5 mm3, were selected to yield a coarse estimate of macro features which may impact material properties. The connectivity of features across the Z axis notes the interactivity between features as a function of the entire sample volume. The sample volume (refers to the volume of sample after beam-hardening artefacts have been removed) and are used to calculate the P32 value of feature intensity, to understand spatial density in contrast to a pure volume measurement (Morelli, 2024)
| Sample name | Segmentation | Status | Total feature volume (mm3) | Feature ratio' (surrogate porosity) | Volume fraction >0.5 mm3 | Volume % of features above 0.5 mm3 | Connected features/ total features | >0.5 mm3 features/total features | Feature surface area (mm2) | Sample volume (mm3 ) | P32 (mm−1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BC1 | Features | Pretest | 984.1 | 3.0% | 885.2 | 2.7% | 0.0% | 90.0% | 5229.6 | 33405.2 | 0.16 |
| Fractures | Pretest | nd | nd | nd | nd | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Features | Posttest | 385.8 | 1.3% | 330.2 | 1.1% | 0.0% | 85.6% | 1716.8 | 28766.5 | 0.06 | |
| Fractures | Posttest | 2728.2 | 9.5% | 2658.0 | 9.2% | 89.7% | 97.4% | 22721.7 | 28766.5 | 0.79 | |
| BC2 | Features | Pretest | 732.1 | 1.3% | 585.2 | 1.0% | 0.0% | 79.9% | 5980.5 | 57200.2 | 0.11 |
| Fractures | Pretest | 29.1 | 0.1% | 26.5 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 91.2% | 337.2 | 55192.7 | 0.01 | |
| BC3 | Features | Pretest | 853.9 | 2.8% | 574.9 | 1.9% | 15.7% | 67.3% | 9028.8 | 30432.5 | 0.30 |
| Fractures | Pretest | 74.0 | 0.2% | 48.3 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 65.2% | 1043.6 | 30432.5 | 0.03 | |
| BC4 | Features | Pretest | 811.2 | 1.5% | 687.2 | 1.3% | 13.2% | 84.7% | 5431.5 | 53986.4 | 0.10 |
| Fractures | Pretest | 26.4 | 0.1% | 16.8 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 63.9% | 472.7 | 52711.3 | 0.01 | |
| BC5 | Features | Pretest | 461.7 | 0.9% | 377.7 | 0.8% | 0.0% | 81.8% | 3081.9 | 49682.0 | 0.06 |
| Fractures | Pretest | 3.3 | 0.0% | 1.9 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 58.0% | 45.9 | 36168.9 | 0.00 | |
| ES1 | Features | Pretest | 19.3 | 0.0% | 0.0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 273.6 | 54438.1 | 0.01 |
| Fractures | Pretest | 50.6 | 0.1% | 31.6 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 62.4% | 642.3 | 42023.4 | 0.02 | |
| SM1 | Features | Pretest | 44.8 | 0.1% | 2.0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 4.4% | 630.4 | 91948.3 | 0.01 |
| SM2 | Features | Pretest | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| SM3 | Features | Pretest | 0.1 | 0.0% | 0.0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 3.9 | 28012.6 | 0.00 |
| SM4 | Features | Pretest | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| SM5 | Features | Pretest | 123.9 | 0.2% | 1.9 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 1.5% | 2048.0 | 52347.9 | 0.04 |
| SM6 | Features | Pretest | 0.3 | 0.0% | 0.0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 4.7 | 57422.4 | 0.00 |
| Sample name | Segmentation | Status | Total feature volume (mm3) | Feature ratio' (surrogate porosity) | Volume fraction >0.5 mm3 | Volume % of features above 0.5 mm3 | Connected features/ total features | >0.5 mm3 features/total features | Feature surface area (mm2) | Sample volume (mm3 ) | P32 (mm−1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BC1 | Features | Pretest | 984.1 | 3.0% | 885.2 | 2.7% | 0.0% | 90.0% | 5229.6 | 33405.2 | 0.16 |
| Fractures | Pretest | nd | nd | nd | nd | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Features | Posttest | 385.8 | 1.3% | 330.2 | 1.1% | 0.0% | 85.6% | 1716.8 | 28766.5 | 0.06 | |
| Fractures | Posttest | 2728.2 | 9.5% | 2658.0 | 9.2% | 89.7% | 97.4% | 22721.7 | 28766.5 | 0.79 | |
| BC2 | Features | Pretest | 732.1 | 1.3% | 585.2 | 1.0% | 0.0% | 79.9% | 5980.5 | 57200.2 | 0.11 |
| Fractures | Pretest | 29.1 | 0.1% | 26.5 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 91.2% | 337.2 | 55192.7 | 0.01 | |
| BC3 | Features | Pretest | 853.9 | 2.8% | 574.9 | 1.9% | 15.7% | 67.3% | 9028.8 | 30432.5 | 0.30 |
| Fractures | Pretest | 74.0 | 0.2% | 48.3 | 0.2% | 0.0% | 65.2% | 1043.6 | 30432.5 | 0.03 | |
| BC4 | Features | Pretest | 811.2 | 1.5% | 687.2 | 1.3% | 13.2% | 84.7% | 5431.5 | 53986.4 | 0.10 |
| Fractures | Pretest | 26.4 | 0.1% | 16.8 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 63.9% | 472.7 | 52711.3 | 0.01 | |
| BC5 | Features | Pretest | 461.7 | 0.9% | 377.7 | 0.8% | 0.0% | 81.8% | 3081.9 | 49682.0 | 0.06 |
| Fractures | Pretest | 3.3 | 0.0% | 1.9 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 58.0% | 45.9 | 36168.9 | 0.00 | |
| ES1 | Features | Pretest | 19.3 | 0.0% | 0.0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 273.6 | 54438.1 | 0.01 |
| Fractures | Pretest | 50.6 | 0.1% | 31.6 | 0.1% | 0.0% | 62.4% | 642.3 | 42023.4 | 0.02 | |
| SM1 | Features | Pretest | 44.8 | 0.1% | 2.0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 4.4% | 630.4 | 91948.3 | 0.01 |
| SM2 | Features | Pretest | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| SM3 | Features | Pretest | 0.1 | 0.0% | 0.0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 3.9 | 28012.6 | 0.00 |
| SM4 | Features | Pretest | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| SM5 | Features | Pretest | 123.9 | 0.2% | 1.9 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 1.5% | 2048.0 | 52347.9 | 0.04 |
| SM6 | Features | Pretest | 0.3 | 0.0% | 0.0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 4.7 | 57422.4 | 0.00 |
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