Table 3

Conceptual distinctiveness of the ITG framework constructs

ITG constructAdjacent conceptsDistinctive characteristics
Systemic entrapmentStructural stress, environmental shocks (Resilience literature)While structural stress refers to temporary or absorbable burdens that a system can bounce back from, Entrapment represents a fundamental, irreversible depletion of the system’s carrying capacity where traditional return-to-normal mechanisms completely fail
Organizational inertiaInstitutional lock-in, path dependency (Institutional theory)While institutional lock-in primarily describes a structural inability to change due to sunk costs and rigid rules, organizational inertia encompasses the active, ongoing administrative practices and behavioral routines that purposely defend the status quo against emerging systemic evidence
Cognitive captureGroupthink, policy image, framing and ideational lock-inWhile groupthink is a localized failure of team decision-making and policy image refers to general public perception, cognitive capture constitutes a systemic, structural colonization of the administrative imagination, where specific narratives completely enclose policy possibilities and render alternatives unthinkable

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