Table 6. Education premium analysis –...

Table 6.

Education premium analysis – pairwise comparisons of FLFP rates by educational transitions, Sri Lanka (2017–2024)

Education transition	Mean FLFP Difference (pp)	Standard Error	t-statistic	p-value	95% confidence interval	Interpretation
Below Grade 5 → Grade 6–10	+4.0	0.55	7.30	<0.001***	[+2.7, + 5.3]	Positive premium
Grade 6–10 → Ordinary level	−2.4	0.24	−9.80	<0.001***	[−3.0, −1.8]	Minor decline
Ordinary level → Advanced level	+18.1	1.20	15.15	<0.001***	[+15.3, + 21.0]	Large premium
Advanced level → Degree and above	+36.3	1.17	31.08	<0.001***	[+33.6, + 39.1]	Very large premium

Education transition	Mean FLFP Difference (pp)	Standard Error	t-statistic	p-value	95% confidence interval	Interpretation
Below Grade 5 → Grade 6–10	+4.0	0.55	7.30	<0.001***	[+2.7, + 5.3]	Positive premium
Grade 6–10 → Ordinary level	−2.4	0.24	−9.80	<0.001***	[−3.0, −1.8]	Minor decline
Ordinary level → Advanced level	+18.1	1.20	15.15	<0.001***	[+15.3, + 21.0]	Large premium
Advanced level → Degree and above	+36.3	1.17	31.08	<0.001***	[+33.6, + 39.1]	Very large premium

Note(s):

Adjacent-category differences are calculated from annual female labour force participation (FLFP) rates for 2017–2024 and are expressed in percentage points (pp). FLFP rates are population-weighted estimates from the Sri Lanka Labour Force Survey. Differences are computed as the higher education level minus the lower education level. 95% confidence intervals and t-statistics are based on year-to-year variation (df = 7). Conventional t-statistic–based p-values are reported in the table; statistical inference is additionally reassessed using wild cluster bootstrap procedures at the education-category level (Five clusters; B = 999) due to the small number of clusters. †p < 0.10; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001

Source(s): Prepared by authors

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