PACE questions developed based on the scoping review and thematic analysis
| Domain | Event | PACE question |
|---|---|---|
| Operational adverse experiences | Witnessing/involvement in a death in the line of duty | Have you witnessed or been involved in a death while on duty? |
| Being seriously assaulted while on duty | Have you been seriously physically assaulted while on duty? | |
| Attending a fatal road traffic collision (RTC) | Have you attended a fatal RTC involving a child or multiple fatalities? | |
| Handling human remains | Have you handled human remains in the line of duty? | |
| Responding to suicides | Have you been first on scene at a suicide? | |
| Death of a colleague | Have you lost a close police colleague in the line of duty, including suicide? | |
| Investigative adverse experiences | Investigating the death of a child | Have you investigated the death of a child? |
| Investigating child abuse, rape, and sexual exploitation | Have you investigated child abuse, rape, or sexual exploitation beyond initial response? | |
| Organisational adverse experiences | Procedural injustice | Have you experienced serious procedural injustice (unfair or inconsistent organisational treatment)? |
| Moral injury | Have you experienced serious moral injury (being asked to act against your values, or exposure to organisational wrongdoing)? | |
| Prolonged misconduct investigation or inquiry | Have you been subject to a prolonged misconduct investigation or inquiry? | |
| Bullying and harassment | Have you experienced serious racist, sexist, misogynistic or hyper-masculine bullying/harassment or worked where this was unchallenged? | |
| Negative leadership and oversight | Have you been subject to excessive oversight or micromanagement that you attribute to negative leadership? |
| Domain | Event | |
|---|---|---|
| Operational adverse experiences | Witnessing/involvement in a death in the line of duty | Have you witnessed or been involved in a death while on duty? |
| Being seriously assaulted while on duty | Have you been seriously physically assaulted while on duty? | |
| Attending a fatal road traffic collision ( | Have you attended a fatal | |
| Handling human remains | Have you handled human remains in the line of duty? | |
| Responding to suicides | Have you been first on scene at a suicide? | |
| Death of a colleague | Have you lost a close police colleague in the line of duty, including suicide? | |
| Investigative adverse experiences | Investigating the death of a child | Have you investigated the death of a child? |
| Investigating child abuse, rape, and sexual exploitation | Have you investigated child abuse, rape, or sexual exploitation beyond initial response? | |
| Organisational adverse experiences | Procedural injustice | Have you experienced serious procedural injustice (unfair or inconsistent organisational treatment)? |
| Moral injury | Have you experienced serious moral injury (being asked to act against your values, or exposure to organisational wrongdoing)? | |
| Prolonged misconduct investigation or inquiry | Have you been subject to a prolonged misconduct investigation or inquiry? | |
| Bullying and harassment | Have you experienced serious racist, sexist, misogynistic or hyper-masculine bullying/harassment or worked where this was unchallenged? | |
| Negative leadership and oversight | Have you been subject to excessive oversight or micromanagement that you attribute to negative leadership? |
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