Table 1

Data structure representation

First-order codesSecond-order themesThird-order constructs (aggregate dimensions)
  • “We decided to plan beyond the borders of each municipality, because only a shared vision can attract regional funds.”

  • “Our role was to think like an enterprise, investing in ideas that could create jobs and services.”

  • “We had to learn how to take risks together, even if this is not usual for public administrations.”

Strategic Proactiveness and Risk-Taking in Public ManagementEntrepreneurial Orientation in Governance
  • “We used the project to rethink our administrative routines, simplifying procedures and improving coordination.”

  • “Working with other municipalities pushed us to innovate, every meeting became a laboratory of ideas.”

  • “Innovation was not only technological; it was about new ways of managing people and processes.”

Institutional Innovation and Organizational Learning
  • “We moved from isolated projects to a common territorial strategy.”

  • “The idea was to create a collective vision for sustainable urban regeneration.”

  • “The inter-municipal plan became our tool to coordinate and align all local policies.”

Shared Vision and Strategic Planning
  • “At the beginning, each municipality had its own rhythm, now we work as one team.”

  • “We learned to trust each other through the daily management of shared projects.”

  • “The mayors' constant communication created a climate of cooperation that we never had before.”

Building Trust and Relational CohesionCollaborative Capacity Building
  • “We re-organized staff and technical offices to overcome resource shortages.”

  • “Each municipality contributed its specific expertise; for example, municipality A brought urban planning skills.”

  • “Jointly managing human and financial resources made the project more efficient.”

Resource Integration and Knowledge Sharing
  • “This project allowed public employees to develop new skills, especially in project design and EU funding.”

  • “Through collaboration, our people learned how to coordinate and plan strategically.”

  • “The process strengthened our administrative capabilities, not just the infrastructure.”

Institutional Learning and Competence Development
  • “Citizens were informed and involved from the beginning; we needed them to believe in the project.”

  • “We organized meetings with local schools and associations to explain the project objectives.”

  • “The more people felt part of the initiative, the more support we received.”

Civic Participation and Shared OwnershipCommunity Engagement and Resilience
  • “We tried to explain the broader benefits of the project to the community.”

  • “Public education campaigns helped citizens understand that small daily actions can change the community.”

  • “Our aim was to create trust between institutions and the territory.”

Public Awareness and Legitimacy Building
  • “Working together made us stronger and more resilient as a territory.”

  • “The collaboration between institutions, citizens, and associations helped us face challenges collectively.”

  • “Now we can manage crises better because we have built a network that supports itself.”

Collective Adaptability and Territorial Resilience
Source(s): Authors’ own work

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